Teses

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https://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/354

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Arte em Cena: teatro na escola pública como prática de liberdade
Oliveira, Marcia Cristina Polacchini de (2014-12-17)
Educação, Arte e História
The present work discusses the Art on Stage Project, its creational and development process, held at the State School Plínio Barreto in São Paulo county, and also includes the analisys of the projects student theater company (2007-2014), a teen s group that holds the same name, and evaluates its creative process, assemblies and performances that took place at school and beyond. This research assumes that the theater concept is a practice of freedom and a possibility to provide the opportunity for public schools students and alumni to expand their ability to create as well as to be part of a constructive process, and also assumes theather as a facilitator of their potentialities development in today's society, with an more human and active participation. I take the premise that art - theater - constitutes a critical and transformative educational activity, and I use Edgard Morin, Paulo Freire, and Lev Vigotski thoughts, in a historical and cultural perspective, as well as theatricals Constantin Stanislavski and Augusto Boal theories and practices, to promote a qualitative approach investigation assumed as action research, that includes the direct participation of the students involved in the process. This work developed a methodology which reframed action research due to a critical-dialogical and participatory process that understands that students can become empowering agents and art and culture producers.
Cultura brasileira e educação: indícios de estetismo na história do planejamento educacional brasileiro
Fontes, Filipe Costa (2018-06-21)
Centro de Educação, Filosofia e Teologia (CEFT)
Em sua hermenêutica cultural, Mario Vieira de Mello sugeriu que a cultura brasileira seria caracterizada por um traço espiritual denominado estetismo. Este conceito, originado da transposição de elementos do existencialismo filosófico de Soren Kierkegaard, da vida individual e subjetiva para a vida coletiva e cultural, refere-se a um modo de ser apegado ao que é exterior e aparente. Para Vieira de Mello, ao contrário de outras culturas, que teriam sido forjadas no contexto da tensão necessária entre os princípios estético e ético, por razões históricas e de escolha voluntária da nação, a cultura brasileira teria sido forjada sob a influência exclusiva do princípio estético, razão pela qual sofreria de uma forte natureza ornamental. Reconhecendo a contribuição da hermenêutica cultural de Mario Vieira de Mello, este trabalho pretende verificar se indícios do que ele denominou de estetismo da cultura brasileira podem ser encontrados na história do planejamento educacional brasileiro. Para tornar possível a consideração de um objeto abrangente como este, o trabalho adota como eixo temático a discussão em torno da ideia de um Plano Nacional da Educação, e como marcos temporais, os Planos elaborados em 1962 e 2001. Ao realizar este empreendimento de natureza mais prática o trabalho procura participar do debate acadêmico a respeito da relação entre educação e cultura, sugerindo que considerar a influência da dimensão espiritual da cultura sobre a educação pode trazer benefícios para o entendimento de sua dimensão pedagógica e o enfrentamento de seus dilemas.
Entre o novo e o atemporal: a sonoridade plástica de Fantasia
Hayek, Thais Fernanda Martins (2014-08-08)
Educação, Arte e História
A relevância e a criatividade de Walt Disney para a história da cultura e da arte contemporânea estão expressas na sua obra Fantasia (1940), cuja originalidade se caracteriza pela união entre as novas tecnologias aplicadas ao cinema de animação nas primeiras décadas do século XX e as mais diversas linguagens artístico-culturais produzidas até então. Por meio desta combinação entre valores estéticos e éticos, a linguagem simbólica utilizada permite identificar os arquétipos que orbitam o inconsciente coletivo no imaginário popular. Este trabalho buscou apresentar uma análise do filme Fantasia, apontando em especial seus aspectos históricos, estruturais e simbólicos, por meio dos recursos metodológicos propostos em Hermenêutica da Profundidade, por John B. Thompson. Para se chegar aos resultados, foram definidos, portanto, três focos de interesses presentes na obra: o contexto histórico-cultural no qual esta foi produzida a obra; os recursos técnicos da linguagem fílmica e, por último, as questões comportamentais vinculadas à Psicologia Arquetípica. O primeiro capítulo traz uma breve introdução do cinema de animação, as contribuições de Disney e sua equipe para a fundamentação desta modalidade como arte autônoma. Destaca a história da criação e produção de Fantasia no seu contexto histórico. O segundo capítulo aponta os fatores estruturais da obra, fazendo uma análise descritiva e relacionando-a com os princípios de animação, que deram identidade a essa linguagem e ajudaram a fundamentar uma estética singular. No último capítulo é feita uma reintrepetação das formas animadas presentes em Fantasia, propostas por Disney e sua equipe, sob a ótica da psicologia arquetípica, ou seja, que símbolos representam as estruturas mais profundas da psique coletiva dando sentido ao enredo. As considerações finais confirmam a hipótese inicial de que Fantasia é uma obra original no que tange seu percurso técnico, condicionada pelos valores éticos e estéticos da formação judaico-cristã no mundo ocidental e seu sucesso atemporal se deve à utilização de símbolos e mitos universais presentes nos primórdios da história da civilização.
A (re) significação do mundo: um olhar sobre atividades estético-culturais dos moradores de calçada
Pilan, Hânia Cecília (2012-08-17)
Educação, Arte e História
The subject of this thesis is the analysis of the everyday life narratives of Sao Paulo's sidewalk residents and its (Re) meanings that enter the field of aesthetic needs. The human being is complex and at the same time transparent, desiring to be someone significant, uses mechanisms to survive as an individual among the society. And, when excluded from the group to which he belongs, he necessarily must (Re) mean, in order to join a new group. In the case of sidewalk residents, this action is exacerbated, becoming more evident the necessity of expression and the use of archetypes in the battle against invisibility within their social group and if possible, achieving to stand out among his peers. The narratives, conducted through interviews, allowed penetrate into a parallel world where neither time has the same value and setting as we were used to. In order to understand the narratives of this (Re) meaning world daily and achieve the proposed objectives, it was used as a theoretical study of social representations, with the cultural-historical psychology foundations, depth psychology and art contexts and concepts. Supported by these bibliographical sources, documentary, and especially in the participatory field research, it was possible to articulate a discussion of the aesthetic needs of the sidewalk's residents in their socio-historical context and their need to (re) signification. Among the various analyzed, we have chosen four main characters for their sensible aesthetic productions, which demonstrate the social segment in which they belong, to be analysis objects of their (RE) meanings. Among them, we were able to find heroes, faithful man, poets, painters, performers, bricoleurs, who have art as their mainspring of their social development, presenting archetypes to (Re) mean their world.
Relação de ajuda como ação educativa: o olhar do facilitador sobre a efetividade
Leal, Carlos Santos (2017-12-13)
Centro de Educação, Filosofia e Teologia (CEFT)
The research about Relation of help as an educational action - The facilitator's view upon the affectivity has as the main objectives turning the study deeper about the theoretical contributions on the theme in the contemporaneity and to exemplify how the facilitator in Brazil deals with the affectivity in its practice. For this, a bibliographical investigation was carried out about the main theories that deal with the theme, especially Carl R. Rogers, Lev S. Vigotski and Paulo Freire. These authors served as the central foundations for reflections on how to educate through help relationships, highlighting the role of affectivity. The interdisciplinary view of the authors guided the way of understanding the complexity of the presented theme, since it is argued that a disciplinary reading does not respond in depth to the phenomenon investigated. The thesis points to the need of a closer look at the affectivity in its relationship with the educational act experienced through the aid relationships, since it is essential in this process. Interviews were analyzed with professionals who work in this area in an attempt to identify in their "speeches" how they perceive affectivity in the relationship of help as an educational action. The conclusion was that the praxis and the thinking of these facilitators were not closer to the theories presented, perhaps due to the precarious conceptual support that they have in their formation.
Os vínculos entre educador e educando no ensino médio: experiências de ética e reconhecimento em escolas públicas
Meucci, Arthur (2016-04-13)
Centro de Educação, Filosofia e Teologia (CEFT)
This thesis develops and defends the notion that teaching-learning relationships in the classroom environment encompass ethical conflicts in the search for mutual recognition. It argues that the hurdles faced by high school teachers are directly related to deep-rooted conflicts inherent in students’ pursuit of recognition. The study investigated both the teaching strategies of experienced teachers, considered to be highly effective by their peers, as well as strategies used by inexperienced teachers, for a comparative analysis. It is based on Axel Honneths’s philosophical and social contributions on the moral grammar of social conflicts in the struggle for recognition within the classroom environment, as well as the psychoanalytical theories of Donald Winnicot related to the nature of the Self and its processes of emotional development and attachment. During this study, qualitative research was conducted in the context of two state schools in São Paulo, in areas of both high and low economic growth, over a period of two years. As regards methodology, an adaptation of the Depth Hermeneutics formulated by John Thompson was employed during three phases. The first phase gathered documents and interviews with community members, in order to collect information related to the cultural and historical contexts of the schools and interviewees. The second phase took place during a six month-period of classes and included ethnographic reports of two teachers with over 10 years of experience, two teachers beginning their careers and one teacher with 5 years of experience and on probation period. Finally, the third phase of the research consisted of gathering together the study field surveys and the theoretical approach to make interpretations and reinterpretations of the observed phenomena. The result showed that the majority of conflicts between students and teachers occur due to struggles for recognition rather than relationships between “quality class” and “behavioral problems”. Results show that creative gestures in the teaching-learning environment derive from a potential space that allows a bond of trust between students and their teachers.

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