Teses

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https://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/3655

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Navegando Teses por Orientador "Neves , Maria Helena de Moura"

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    Tese
    A expressão do significado concessivo no português brasileiro: as construções gramaticais na interface com padrões e sistemas cognitivos
    Coneglian, André Vinicius Lopes (2019-02-12)

    Centro de Comunicação e Letras (CCL)

    This dissertation investigates the expression of concessive meaning in contemporary Brazilian Portuguese, looking at the variety and diversity of means through which such meaning might be construed. The cognitive-functional framework adopted here puts focus on the multi-functionality of grammatical constructions, the sociocognitive motivation of meaning, and the interface between syntax, semantics and pragmatics. The general orientation of this study is to explicate the interface between cognitive patterns involved in the construction of grammatical meaning. The corpus of analysis is formed of utterance gathered from different sourced of actual language use. Within this broad theoretical-methodological framework, we propose a distinction between two constructional types for expressing concessiveness: a first group of conventionalized constructions (the traditional adverbial constructions), and a second group of non-conventionalized construction, which range in instantiation from causal to modal domains. The main goal of this dissertation is to provide a general description of the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic aspects of concessive constructions in Brazilian Portuguese. In this direction, the main hypothesis, that is confirmed throughout the work, is that the semantic properties of concessive constructions may be explicated in force dynamics terms. The general conclusions are: a) a concessive matrix provides the semantic properties that define the conceptual factors at play in construing concessive meaning; b) semantic properties of concessiveness, such as ineffective cause, insufficient condition, fall under force-dynamics systems; c) the meaning of concessive constructions is achieved by either accessing global or partial schemas of concessivity.
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    Tese
    Ninguém fala assim!: idealização e realidade na representação da fala espontânea
    Goulart , Felipe Vivian (2019-08-01)

    Centro de Comunicação e Letras (CCL)

    Over the last few decades, the study of spoken language has provided the scientific community with a solid and meticulous description of the way oral communication works (Preti, 2003, 2011; Preti e Urbano, 1990; Leite e Callou, 2002; Chafe, 1980, 1994; Ilari e Neves, 2008; Sacks et al., 1974). This particular branch of Linguistics has gathered a large amount of data related to the phonetic, morphosyntactic and discourse specificities of spoken language, which indicates the existence of a gap between the way people think they speak and the way they actually speak. This database seems to enable the task of selecting a linguistic variety and verifying to which degree it resembles (or differs from) actual spontaneous speech as described by linguists. This is precisely what this investigation aims to accomplish, and the varieties selected for comparison with spontaneous speech are: (i) the language spoken in movies, soap operas and the like, that is, the language of audiovisual fiction; (ii) the language spoken on the television sketch Teste de Fidelidade (Fidelity Test), which is supposedly not scripted. With the Iboruna sample as our main reference of real, spontaneous, non-monitored (or barely monitored) speech, we aim to determine the degree to which supposed representations of spontaneous speech actually represent it, and, consequently, to acquire clues as to which traits give away the artificiality of scripted speech. The investigation is predominantly directed at three aspects of (potential) discrepancies between natural and scripted speech: the minutiae of information flow, the frequency and distribution of structural disfluencies (hesitations and interruptions), and the frequency and distribution of competitive overlap. The results confirm the existence of significant differences between the varieties in all three aspects.