Os contratos de locação residenciais e não residenciais em tempos de covid-19
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2023-12
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Correa, Vitória Luppi
Orientador
Almeida, Washington Carlos de
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Resumo
O presente estudo objetivou explicar as mudanças processadas nos contratos de locação
residenciais e não residenciais no período da pandemia da COVID-19. Para tanto, explica o
contexto no qual surgiu a COVID-19 e suas consequências para a sociedade; estuda os
argumentos que permitem classificar a pandemia como um fato imprevisível; e discute a revisão
de contratos locatícios neste contexto. A metodologia empregada para o desenvolvimento do
artigo foi a pesquisa bibliográfica realizada em doutrinas e artigos científicos, além da pesquisa
documental em websites, permitindo concluir que no período pandêmico surgiu preocupante
tensão entre os direitos fundamentais à moradia e à propriedade no que concerne aos contratos
locatícios de bens imóveis com finalidades residenciais, levando em conta o maior índice de
inadimplência. Considerou-se que ambos os direitos são previstos e protegidos pela
Constituição Federal de 1988 e pelo Código Civil, estando, igualmente, ambos atrelados ao
direito fundamental à dignidade da pessoa humana. Desta forma, sabendo-se que o Estado
Brasileiro foi instituído enquanto um Estado Democrático de Direito, entende-se que não se
pode aceitar que os conflitos que eventualmente tenham surgido por ocasião da pandemia sejam
decididos de forma não democrática, autorizando que a razão reverbere isoladamente, e, assim,
exclua direitos já antes resguardados pela Constituição. Assim, não se pretendeu neste estudo
estabelecer qual direito precisa prevalecer, mas, sim, atestar de que ambos são legítimos e que
toda e qualquer derrogação sobre qualquer um deles só poderá ser admitida por força de decisão
processualizada e com o intuito de obstar danos maiores às partes.
The present study aimed to explain the changes made to the rental contract during the COVID- 19 pandemic. To this end, it explains the context in which COVID-19 emerged and its consequences for society; studies the arguments that allow the Coronavirus Pandemic to be considered an unpredictable fact; and discusses the review of rental contracts during the COVID-19 period. The methodology used to develop the article was bibliographical research carried out on doctrines and scientific articles, in addition to documentary research on websites, allowing us to conclude that during the pandemic period, worrying tension arose between the fundamental rights to housing and property with regard to rental contracts. of real estate for residential purposes, taking into account the highest rate of default. It was considered that both rights, housing (which is a tenant's right) and property (landlord's right), are provided for and protected by the Federal Constitution of 1988 and by the Civil Code, and are, equally, linked to the fundamental right to dignity of the human person. In this way, knowing that the Brazilian State was established as a Democratic State of Law, it is understood that it cannot be accepted that the conflicts that may have arisen during the pandemic are decided in a non-democratic way, allowing reason to reverberate in isolation, and thus exclude rights already protected by the Constitution. Therefore, this study did not intend to establish which right needs to prevail over the other, but only to inform that both rights (of the lessee and the lessor) are legitimate rights and that any and all derogations from any of them can only be admitted by force of proceduralized decision and with the aim of preventing greater damages to the people involved in the rental contracts.
The present study aimed to explain the changes made to the rental contract during the COVID- 19 pandemic. To this end, it explains the context in which COVID-19 emerged and its consequences for society; studies the arguments that allow the Coronavirus Pandemic to be considered an unpredictable fact; and discusses the review of rental contracts during the COVID-19 period. The methodology used to develop the article was bibliographical research carried out on doctrines and scientific articles, in addition to documentary research on websites, allowing us to conclude that during the pandemic period, worrying tension arose between the fundamental rights to housing and property with regard to rental contracts. of real estate for residential purposes, taking into account the highest rate of default. It was considered that both rights, housing (which is a tenant's right) and property (landlord's right), are provided for and protected by the Federal Constitution of 1988 and by the Civil Code, and are, equally, linked to the fundamental right to dignity of the human person. In this way, knowing that the Brazilian State was established as a Democratic State of Law, it is understood that it cannot be accepted that the conflicts that may have arisen during the pandemic are decided in a non-democratic way, allowing reason to reverberate in isolation, and thus exclude rights already protected by the Constitution. Therefore, this study did not intend to establish which right needs to prevail over the other, but only to inform that both rights (of the lessee and the lessor) are legitimate rights and that any and all derogations from any of them can only be admitted by force of proceduralized decision and with the aim of preventing greater damages to the people involved in the rental contracts.
Descrição
Trabalho indicado pela banca examinadora ao prêmio TCC
Palavras-chave
Covid-19 , contratos locatícios , pandemia , dignidade humana , rental contracts , pandemic , human dignity