Garantias constituídas sobre aeronaves: garantias convencionais e as inovações da Convenção da Cidade do Cabo
Carregando...
Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2019-06-12
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Barbosa, Vitor Guilherme da Silva
Orientador
Almeida, Maria Cecília Ladeira de
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Membros da banca
Programa
Resumo
O mercado aeronáutico sofre constantes mudanças que abrangem tanto questões estritamente ligadas à tecnologia quanto temas de natureza jurídica e econômica, fundamentais para a viabilização da atividade de transporte aéreo, que requer significativos investimentos que nem sempre podem ser realizados exclusivamente pelas companhias aéreas. O alto custo do transporte aéreo e o valor astronômico das aeronaves e motores foram fatores que influenciaram no crescimento do mercado de financiamento e arrendamento de equipamentos aeronáuticos. É natural que operações de financiamento, sobretudo aquelas que envolvem quantias significativas, exijam a constituição de garantias como meio de proteger os financiadores ou proprietários dos equipamentos de eventuais inadimplementos hnanceiros incorridos pelas companhias aéreas. No Brasil, as garantias sobre aeronaves e motores são normalmente constituídas sobre a forma de hipoteca ou alienação fiduciária. Contudo, uma nova modalidade de garantia surgiu após a Convenção da Cidade do Cabo, internalizada no sistema jurídico brasileiro após a promulgação do Decreto n" 8.008, de 15 de maio de 2013. Referida Convenção, embora tenha sido formalmente aplicada no Brasil só a partir de 2013, foi criada em 2001 após amplo período de discussão envolvendo Estados e agentes do setor preocupados com o enorrne abismo jurídico existente no tocante às diferentes regras para a constituição de garantias que cada país adotava. Considerando que as aeronaves e motores são equipamentos de alto valor e que estão sempre em constante movimentação, decidiu-se criar um sistema padronizado de garantias válidas em todos os países que aderissem aos termos da Convenção. Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo avaliar o contexto que culminou na criação da Convenção, os requisitos para constituição de garantias internacionais e garantias convencionais previstas nos diplomas legais brasileiros anteriores ao Decreto n'8.008/2013 e eventuais aspectos que possam influenciar na validade das garantias internacionais no Brasil.
The aeronautical market has suffered constant changes that includes not only technology matters, but also legal and economic aspects fundarnental to the feasibility of air transportation activities, which require significant investments that not always can be made exclusively by airline companies. The high cost of air transportation, aircraft and engines is a fact that influenced the expansion of financing and leasing markets. It is natural in financing transactions, especially those involving significant amounts, the requirement of guarantees as a way to protect fìnanciers or owners of equiprnent frorn eventual events of default incurred by airline companies. In Brazil, guarantees over aircraft and engines are usually mortgages or chattel mortgages. However, a new category of guarantee arose after the Cape Town Convention, incorporated into the Brazilian legal system after the enactment of Decree No 8,008, of May 15 2013. Such Convention, although formally applied inBrazll only after 2073, was created in 2001 after a discussion period involving States and market agents concerned about the huge differences among the various rules adopted by each country with respect to the creation of guarantees. Considering that aircraft and engines are high valued equiprnent that are constantly moving, it was decided to create a standard guarantee that would be valid in all countries willing to accept the tenns and conditions of the Convention. This study has as main objective to analyzethe context in which the Convention was øeated, the requir.ements to create international interests and the conventional guarantees described in Brazilian laws prior to Decree 8,008/2013 and eventual aspects that may affect the validity of international interests in Brazll.
The aeronautical market has suffered constant changes that includes not only technology matters, but also legal and economic aspects fundarnental to the feasibility of air transportation activities, which require significant investments that not always can be made exclusively by airline companies. The high cost of air transportation, aircraft and engines is a fact that influenced the expansion of financing and leasing markets. It is natural in financing transactions, especially those involving significant amounts, the requirement of guarantees as a way to protect fìnanciers or owners of equiprnent frorn eventual events of default incurred by airline companies. In Brazil, guarantees over aircraft and engines are usually mortgages or chattel mortgages. However, a new category of guarantee arose after the Cape Town Convention, incorporated into the Brazilian legal system after the enactment of Decree No 8,008, of May 15 2013. Such Convention, although formally applied inBrazll only after 2073, was created in 2001 after a discussion period involving States and market agents concerned about the huge differences among the various rules adopted by each country with respect to the creation of guarantees. Considering that aircraft and engines are high valued equiprnent that are constantly moving, it was decided to create a standard guarantee that would be valid in all countries willing to accept the tenns and conditions of the Convention. This study has as main objective to analyzethe context in which the Convention was øeated, the requir.ements to create international interests and the conventional guarantees described in Brazilian laws prior to Decree 8,008/2013 and eventual aspects that may affect the validity of international interests in Brazll.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Convenção da cidade do cabo , Garantias internacionais , Garantias convencionais. , Hipoteca , Alienação fiduciária , Registro aeronáutico brasileiro , Cape town convention , Intemational interests , Conventional guarantees , Mortgage , Chattel mortgage , International registry , Brazilian aeronautical registry , Registro internacional