Estelionato sentimental: análise jurídica e implicações no direito penal brasileiro
Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2024-12-12
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Viana, Luise Alves
Orientador
Oliveira, Beatriz Abrãao de
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Membros da banca
Programa
Resumo
O trabalho em análise aborda o tema do estelionato sentimental, uma variante específica do crime de estelionato que tem ganhado destaque no cenário jurídico brasileiro devido à sua crescente ocorrência e complexidade. O estelionato sentimental caracteriza-se pela manipulação emocional da vítima, visando obter vantagens patrimoniais ilícitas. O estudo inicia-se com uma análise detalhada do crime de estelionato, tipificado no artigo 171 do Código Penal brasileiro. O estelionato é definido como a obtenção de vantagem ilícita em prejuízo alheio, mediante fraude, induzindo ou mantendo alguém em erro. O trabalho apresenta interpretações de renomados doutrinadores, como Guilherme Nucci, Ricardo Andreucci e Rogério Greco, que oferecem diferentes perspectivas sobre a natureza e as características deste crime. No contexto do estelionato sentimental, o agente utiliza-se de artifícios enganosos que exploram não apenas a confiança, mas também os sentimentos e as expectativas afetivas da vítima. O criminoso constrói uma narrativa convincente, muitas vezes estabelecendo relacionamentos aparentemente genuínos, como parte de sua estratégia fraudulenta para obter vantagens financeiras. O trabalho também aborda as recentes alterações legislativas introduzidas pela Lei 13.964/2019 (Pacote Anticrime), que modificaram a natureza da ação penal no crime de estelionato. Anteriormente uma ação pública incondicionada, o estelionato passou a ser, em regra, uma ação pública condicionada à representação da vítima, com exceções específicas. A pesquisa discute ainda as implicações dessas mudanças, incluindo questões de retroatividade da lei penal mais benéfica e as divergências jurisprudenciais que surgiram nos tribunais superiores quanto à aplicação da nova regra.
Por fim, o estudo analisa a consumação e a tentativa no crime de estelionato, destacando que a consumação ocorre quando o agente obtém a vantagem ilícita, resultando em prejuízo para a vítima. A tentativa é considerada viável, dada a natureza material do crime e a possibilidade de interrupção do iter criminis.
The work under analysis addresses the topic of emotional fraud, a specific variant of the crime of fraud that has gained prominence in the Brazilian legal landscape due to its increasing occurrence and complexity. Emotional fraud is characterized by the emotional manipulation of the victim, aiming to obtain illicit financial advantages. The study begins with a detailed analysis of the crime of fraud, as defined in Article 171 of the Brazilian Penal Code. Fraud is defined as obtaining an illicit advantage to the detriment of others through deceit, inducing or maintaining someone in error. The work presents interpretations from renowned scholars such as Guilherme Nucci, Ricardo Andreucci, and Rogério Greco, who offer different perspectives on the nature and characteristics of this crime. In the context of emotional fraud, the perpetrator uses deceptive tactics that exploit not only the victim's trust but also their feelings and emotional expectations. The criminal constructs a convincing narrative, often establishing seemingly genuine relationships as part of their fraudulent strategy to gain financial benefits. The work also addresses recent legislative changes introduced by Law 13.964/2019 (Anti-Crime Package), which altered the nature of criminal prosecution for fraud. Previously an unconditional public action, fraud has become, as a rule, a public action conditioned on the victim's representation, with specific exceptions. The research further discusses the implications of these changes, including issues of retroactivity of more favorable criminal laws and the jurisprudential divergences that have arisen in higher courts regarding the application of the new rule. Finally, the study analyzes consummation and attempt in the crime of fraud, highlighting that consummation occurs when the perpetrator obtains the illicit advantage, resulting in harm to the victim. Attempt is considered feasible given the material nature of the crime and the possibility of interruption in the criminal process.
The work under analysis addresses the topic of emotional fraud, a specific variant of the crime of fraud that has gained prominence in the Brazilian legal landscape due to its increasing occurrence and complexity. Emotional fraud is characterized by the emotional manipulation of the victim, aiming to obtain illicit financial advantages. The study begins with a detailed analysis of the crime of fraud, as defined in Article 171 of the Brazilian Penal Code. Fraud is defined as obtaining an illicit advantage to the detriment of others through deceit, inducing or maintaining someone in error. The work presents interpretations from renowned scholars such as Guilherme Nucci, Ricardo Andreucci, and Rogério Greco, who offer different perspectives on the nature and characteristics of this crime. In the context of emotional fraud, the perpetrator uses deceptive tactics that exploit not only the victim's trust but also their feelings and emotional expectations. The criminal constructs a convincing narrative, often establishing seemingly genuine relationships as part of their fraudulent strategy to gain financial benefits. The work also addresses recent legislative changes introduced by Law 13.964/2019 (Anti-Crime Package), which altered the nature of criminal prosecution for fraud. Previously an unconditional public action, fraud has become, as a rule, a public action conditioned on the victim's representation, with specific exceptions. The research further discusses the implications of these changes, including issues of retroactivity of more favorable criminal laws and the jurisprudential divergences that have arisen in higher courts regarding the application of the new rule. Finally, the study analyzes consummation and attempt in the crime of fraud, highlighting that consummation occurs when the perpetrator obtains the illicit advantage, resulting in harm to the victim. Attempt is considered feasible given the material nature of the crime and the possibility of interruption in the criminal process.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
estelionato , fraude , código penal , vantagem ilícita , ação penal , pacote anticrime , retroatividade , representação da vítima , fraud , deception , penal code , illicit advantage , criminal action , anti-crime package , retroactivity , victim's representation , consummation , attempt , emotional fraud