Comparação da acuidade visual entre pacientes candidatos à cirurgia de catarata do sistema público e privado no Paraná
Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2023-11-27
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Ferrarini, Caio Augusto Rabelo
Marin, Lucas Antonio
Marin, Lucas Antonio
Orientador
Moreira, Hamilton
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Membros da banca
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Resumo
Introdução: A catarata é um processo no qual o cristalino perde sua transparência diminuindo a acuidade visual do indivíduo e podendo resultar em cegueira. Inclusive essa patologia é a responsável pelo maior número de casos de cegueira no mundo e no Brasil. O seu tratamento é exclusivamente cirúrgico, sendo resolutivo e tendo um excelente custo-benefício. Vários são os empecilhos encontrados para que todos tenham acesso ao tratamento, como, fatores socioeconômicos e o próprio método de funcionamento do sistema. Objetivos: Comparar se existe, no estado do Paraná, discrepâncias de acuidade visual no pré-operatório em indivíduos da rede pública com da rede privada e caso constatado tal diferença, quais os principais fatores que colaboram para essa condição. Métodos: Será realizado um coorte retrospectivo na primeira etapa e na segunda, um prospectivo, analisando prontuário dos pacientes do serviço público e privado com catarata senil pré-operatório. Além de aplicação de questionário para os pacientes da rede pública no pré-operatório abrangendo perfil social, econômico, demográfico. Resultados: A etapa retrospectiva foi composta por 334 análises de prontuário com uma média de 72,4 anos de idade, sendo 182 do sistema público e 152 do sistema privado, apresentando diferenças na acuidade visual dos pacientes de cada sistema. A etapa retrospectiva foi composta por 55 questionários respondidos por pacientes do sistema público com uma média de 68,9 anos de idade, com 39% dos pacientes com somente o ensino fundamental completo. A maioria dos pacientes (39%) não procurou tratamento antes por medo. Conclusão: A distinção entre os sistemas de saúde público e privado se mostra relevante. o sistema público apresenta uma representação maior em grupos com piora na acuidade visual. Isso justifica uma investigação mais aprofundada para compreender as razões subjacentes e buscar maneiras de melhorar o acesso aos cuidados oftalmológicos para os pacientes do sistema público. Outra observação relevante é a influência do perfil sociodemográfico na acuidade visual dos pacientes, o interior do Paraná apresenta uma maior incidência de graus piores de visão. A população atendida pelo sistema público em sua maioria possui baixa escolaridade, e o medo devido à falta de informação foi um fator significativo que contribuiu para atrasos na busca por serviços.
Introduction: Cataract is a process in which the lens loses its transparency, reducing the individual's visual acuity and may result in blindness. This pathology is responsible for the largest number of blindness cases in the world and in Brazil. Its treatment is exclusively surgical, being resolving and having an excellent cost-benefit ratio. There are several obstacles encountered for everyone to have access to treatment, such as socioeconomic factors and the way the system works. Objectives: To compare whether there are, in the state of Paraná, visual acuity discrepancies in the preoperative period in individuals in the public network with those in the private network and, if such a difference is found, what are the main factors that contribute to this condition. Methods: A retrospective cohort will be carried out in the first stage and in the second, a prospective one, analyzing the records of patients from public and private services with preoperative senile cataracts. In addition to applying a questionnaire to public network patients in the preoperative period covering their social, economic and demographic profile. Results: The retrospective stage consisted of 334 medical records analyzes with an average of 72.4 years of age, 182 from the public system and 152 from the private system, showing differences in the visual acuity of patients in each system. The retrospective stage consisted of 55 questionnaires answered by patients in the public system with an average of 68.9 years of age, with 39% of patients having only completed primary education. Most patients (39%) did not seek treatment before out of fear. Conclusion: The distinction between public and private health systems is relevant. the public system presents a greater representation in groups with worsening visual acuity. This warrants further investigation to understand the underlying reasons and look for ways to improve eye care access for patients in the public system. Another relevant observation is the sociodemographic profile influence on the visual acuity of patients, the interior of Paraná has a higher incidence of worse degrees of vision. The majority of the population served by the public system has low education, and fear due to lack of information was a significant factor that contributed to delays in seeking services.
Introduction: Cataract is a process in which the lens loses its transparency, reducing the individual's visual acuity and may result in blindness. This pathology is responsible for the largest number of blindness cases in the world and in Brazil. Its treatment is exclusively surgical, being resolving and having an excellent cost-benefit ratio. There are several obstacles encountered for everyone to have access to treatment, such as socioeconomic factors and the way the system works. Objectives: To compare whether there are, in the state of Paraná, visual acuity discrepancies in the preoperative period in individuals in the public network with those in the private network and, if such a difference is found, what are the main factors that contribute to this condition. Methods: A retrospective cohort will be carried out in the first stage and in the second, a prospective one, analyzing the records of patients from public and private services with preoperative senile cataracts. In addition to applying a questionnaire to public network patients in the preoperative period covering their social, economic and demographic profile. Results: The retrospective stage consisted of 334 medical records analyzes with an average of 72.4 years of age, 182 from the public system and 152 from the private system, showing differences in the visual acuity of patients in each system. The retrospective stage consisted of 55 questionnaires answered by patients in the public system with an average of 68.9 years of age, with 39% of patients having only completed primary education. Most patients (39%) did not seek treatment before out of fear. Conclusion: The distinction between public and private health systems is relevant. the public system presents a greater representation in groups with worsening visual acuity. This warrants further investigation to understand the underlying reasons and look for ways to improve eye care access for patients in the public system. Another relevant observation is the sociodemographic profile influence on the visual acuity of patients, the interior of Paraná has a higher incidence of worse degrees of vision. The majority of the population served by the public system has low education, and fear due to lack of information was a significant factor that contributed to delays in seeking services.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
catarata , acuidade visual , cirurgia ocular , estudo comparativo , cataract , visual acuity , ocular surgery , comparative study