Pacto federativo brasileiro como fator para o subdesenvolvimento regional dos entes subnacionais
Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2022-06
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Pereira, Christian Hessel Leite
Orientador
Dallari Júnior, Hélcio de Abreu
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Membros da banca
Programa
Resumo
O Brasil é um país permeado por desigualdades regionais e subdesenvolvimento de algumas
regiões de forma muito aguda. Além disso, é sabido que o modelo de federalismo adotado
pelo ordenamento jurídico pátrio favorece a centralização do poder e do orçamento:
direciona-se grande parte do orçamento à União, havendo pouco retorno aos entes federativos
(Estados e Municípios). O objetivo central deste trabalho é investigar, a partir de uma análise
bibliográfica, dados estatísticos de forma interdisciplinar, tal qual das literaturas jurídica e
histórica brasileiras, além de estudos de direito comparado, a possível existência de uma
relação de causalidade entre a distorção orçamentária gerada pelo pacto federativo adotado
pela Constituição Federal e o subdesenvolvimento de entes federativos. Sustenta-se que a
distribuição desigual de recursos fomenta uma mentalidade de irresponsabilidade fiscal e
populismo fisiológico cristalizados ao longo do tempo, o que prejudica o crescimento das
regiões que dependeriam da manutenção de suas contas públicas de forma ordeira para que
pudessem desenvolver sua economia e diminuir sua dependência do poder central. Assim
como, em relação a entes com grande grau de desenvolvimento econômico, seus respectivos
desenvolvimentos são limitados pelas regras do federalismo brasileiro, pois grande parte de
seus recursos estaria destinada ao sustento dessas políticas de irresponsabilidade fiscal de
entes deficitários. O estudo concluiu que as proposições realmente se sustentam: o pacto
federativo brasileiro é um grande entrave no desenvolvimento econômico de diversas regiões
no Brasil, embora tenha havido avanços ao longo da história, principalmente pós-1988.
Propõe-se que esse pacto seja revisto, contudo dentro de um arcabouço de Reformas e
mudanças legislativas administrativas que integrariam um mecanismo cauteloso para a
realização dessas alterações, para, desta forma, promover desenvolvimento a regiões
deficitárias.
Brazil is a country permeated by regional inequalities and underdevelopment of certain regions in a very acute manner. Besides, it is also known that the model of federalism adopted by the Brazilian legal system favors the centralization of power and centralized budgeting: a great portion of the budget is directed to the Union, having little return to the other federative entities (states and municipalities). The central goal of this study is to investigate, from a bibliographical analysis, interdisciplinary statistic data, as well as the analysis of legal and historical Brazilian literatures, in addition to assessments of comparative law, the possible causal link between the budgetary distortion generated by the current federal pact adopted by the Federal Constitution of Brazil and the underdevelopment of the federative entities. It is believed that the unequal distribution of resources fosters a mentality of fiscal irresponsibility and physiological populism crystalized along history, which curbs the growth of regions that rely on the preservation of their budgets in an orderly manner in order to develop their economies and reduce their dependance on the Federal Government. As well as, and referring to the entities with a high degree of economic development, their respective developments are limited by the rules of the Brazilian federalism, because a great part of their resources is destined to the support of those fiscal irresponsibility policies from poorer federative entities. The study concluded that the propositions do, in fact, hold up: the Brazilian federative pact is a major obstacle in the economic development of several regions in Brazil, although there have been advances throughout history, especially after 1988. It is proposed that this pact be revised, however within a framework of reforms and administrative legislative changes that would integrate a cautious mechanism for carrying out these changes, in order to promote development in deficit regions.
Brazil is a country permeated by regional inequalities and underdevelopment of certain regions in a very acute manner. Besides, it is also known that the model of federalism adopted by the Brazilian legal system favors the centralization of power and centralized budgeting: a great portion of the budget is directed to the Union, having little return to the other federative entities (states and municipalities). The central goal of this study is to investigate, from a bibliographical analysis, interdisciplinary statistic data, as well as the analysis of legal and historical Brazilian literatures, in addition to assessments of comparative law, the possible causal link between the budgetary distortion generated by the current federal pact adopted by the Federal Constitution of Brazil and the underdevelopment of the federative entities. It is believed that the unequal distribution of resources fosters a mentality of fiscal irresponsibility and physiological populism crystalized along history, which curbs the growth of regions that rely on the preservation of their budgets in an orderly manner in order to develop their economies and reduce their dependance on the Federal Government. As well as, and referring to the entities with a high degree of economic development, their respective developments are limited by the rules of the Brazilian federalism, because a great part of their resources is destined to the support of those fiscal irresponsibility policies from poorer federative entities. The study concluded that the propositions do, in fact, hold up: the Brazilian federative pact is a major obstacle in the economic development of several regions in Brazil, although there have been advances throughout history, especially after 1988. It is proposed that this pact be revised, however within a framework of reforms and administrative legislative changes that would integrate a cautious mechanism for carrying out these changes, in order to promote development in deficit regions.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
direito administrativo , federalismo , subdesenvolvimento econômico , pacto federativo , administrative law , public law , federalism , economic underdevelopment