Participação do Ministério Público e da Defensoria Pública nas ações possessórias coletivas
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2022-06
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Amat, Murilo
Orientador
Cracken, Roberto Nussinkis Mac
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Resumo
O presente trabalho busca discutir a participação do Ministério Público, que passou a ser obrigatória, como custos legis, e da Defensoria Pública, como custos vulnerabilis, em litígios coletivos pela posse de terra rurais ou urbanas (ações possessórias coletivas), de acordo com as novas interpretações trazidas pelo Código de Processo Civil de 2015. Tais mudanças buscaram delinear o papel do Poder Público, tendo em vista a proteção dos interesses da parcela menos favorecida da sociedade, que clama pela efetividade do direito à moradia, a partir de uma visão renovada do direito de propriedade, atento ao seu perfil constitucional de direito fundamental que atenda à função social. O CPC/2015 estabeleceu como hipótese de intervenção do Ministério Público no processo civil os processos que envolvam litígios coletivos pela posse da terra urbana ou rural, nos termos do art. 178, III. Especificamente no que tange a ações possessórias “em que figure no polo passivo grande número de pessoas”, há dispositivo expresso sobre a necessidade de intervenção do Ministério Público (art. 554, §1º), conforme será estudado a seguir. Ademais, o artigo 565, §2º determina que o Ministério Público deverá ser intimado para comparecer à audiência, devendo a Defensoria Pública ser intimada sempre que houver parte beneficiária de gratuidade da justiça. A disposição da participação dos orgãos faz-se necessária em função de os casos em estudo se tratarem de imbróglios plurais sobre a posse, não estando voltados à clássica relação jurídica individualista autor-réu.
This work seeks to discuss the participation of the Public Ministry, which became mandatory, such as “custos legis”, and the Public Defender's Office, as “custos vulnerabilis”, in collective litigation for rural or urban land ownership (collective possessory actions), according to the new interpretations brought by the 2015 Code of Civil Procedure. Such changes sought to delineate the role of the Public Authorities, with a view to protecting the interests of the less favored portion of society, which claims for the effectiveness of the right to housing, based on a renewed vision of the property right, bearing in mind its constitutional profile as a fundamental right that serves the social function. The 2015 Code susceptible to extinction of intervention by the Public Prosecutor's Office in civil proceedings processes that involve collective litigation for ownership of urban or rural land (art. 178, III). Specifically with regard to possessory actions “in which a large number of people appear on the defendant's side”, the provision expresses the need for intervention by the Public Ministry (art. 554, §1), as will be studied below. In addition, article 565, §2º determines that the Public Prosecutor's Office must be summoned for comparison with the hearing, and the Public Defender's Office must be summoned whenever there is a beneficiary part of free justice. The disposition of the participation of the bodies is necessary due to the cases under study if they are about plural litigations about the possession, not focused on the classic individualistic legal relationship between the plaintiff and the defendant.
This work seeks to discuss the participation of the Public Ministry, which became mandatory, such as “custos legis”, and the Public Defender's Office, as “custos vulnerabilis”, in collective litigation for rural or urban land ownership (collective possessory actions), according to the new interpretations brought by the 2015 Code of Civil Procedure. Such changes sought to delineate the role of the Public Authorities, with a view to protecting the interests of the less favored portion of society, which claims for the effectiveness of the right to housing, based on a renewed vision of the property right, bearing in mind its constitutional profile as a fundamental right that serves the social function. The 2015 Code susceptible to extinction of intervention by the Public Prosecutor's Office in civil proceedings processes that involve collective litigation for ownership of urban or rural land (art. 178, III). Specifically with regard to possessory actions “in which a large number of people appear on the defendant's side”, the provision expresses the need for intervention by the Public Ministry (art. 554, §1), as will be studied below. In addition, article 565, §2º determines that the Public Prosecutor's Office must be summoned for comparison with the hearing, and the Public Defender's Office must be summoned whenever there is a beneficiary part of free justice. The disposition of the participation of the bodies is necessary due to the cases under study if they are about plural litigations about the possession, not focused on the classic individualistic legal relationship between the plaintiff and the defendant.
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Palavras-chave
ações possessórias coletivas , Ministério Público , defensoria pública , intervenção , collective possessory actions , public prosecutor's office , public defender's office , intervention