O reabandono de crianças e de adolescentes durante o estágio de convivência sob a óptica dos danos existenciais
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TCC
Date
2023-06
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Authors
Gonzaga, Janaina Brandão Teixeira
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Pierson, Lia Cristina Campos
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Abstract
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo verificar se o reabandono de crianças e de adolescentes
durante o estágio de convivência com os adotantes é capaz de gerar danos existenciais. Para
fazer essa verificação, em um primeiro momento, utiliza-se de extensa pesquisa bibliográfica,
documental e descritiva para buscar e compreender o conceito mais moderno de adoção, em
conjunto com a interpretação dos dispositivos legais, dos direitos e dos princípios que regem
esse instituto, especialmente durante o estágio de convivência. Em um segundo momento, os
conceitos de ‘devolução’ e ‘desistência’ são desconstruídos, explicando o porquê da sua
substituição pelo termo ‘reabandono’, em conjunto com o seu conceito. Por fim, analisa-se a
aplicação da responsabilidade civil nas relações familiares e, especialmente para o reabandono
de crianças e adolescentes durante o estágio de convivência, se estariam presentes todos os
elementos da responsabilidade civil (ato ilícito, dano, nexo causal e culpa) nesse caso.
Conceitua-se, ainda, o dano existencial e verifica-se a sua aplicação à situação das crianças e
adolescentes reabandonados, diante das perspectivas de violação ao projeto de vida e violação
à vida baseada em relações. Conclui-se que o reabandono de crianças e de adolescentes durante
o estágio de convivência com os adotantes pode gerar danos existenciais, mas que a
responsabilidade civil, nesse caso, subjetiva, pode não ser suficiente para reparar ou, ao menos,
compensar os danos dos adotandos, devendo ser tomadas outras medidas para diminuir os seus
traumas, especialmente por parte da equipe interprofissional que acompanha o processo de
adoção.
The present work aims to verify whether the re-abandonment of children and teenagers during the stage of coexistence with the adopters can cause existential damage. To carry out this verification, at first, extensive bibliographical, documentary and descriptive research is used to seek and understand the most modern concept of adoption, with the interpretation of legal articles, rights and principles that rule this institute, especially during the stage of coexistence with the adopters. In a second moment, the concepts of ‘return’ and ‘waiver’ are deconstructed, explaining the reason for its replacement by the term ‘re-abandonment’, together with its concept. Finally, the application of civil responsibility in family relationships is analyzed and, especially for the re-abandonment of children and teenagers during the stage of coexistence with the adopters, whether all the elements of civil responsibility are present (unlawful act, damage, causal link and fault) in that case. The existential damage is also conceptualized and its application to the situation of abandoned children is verified, given the perspectives of violation of the life plan and violation of the life based on relationships. It is concluded that the re-abandonment of children and teenagers during the stage of coexistence with the adopters can cause existential damages, however, the civil responsibility, in this case, subjective, may not be enough to repair or, at least, compensate the damages of the adoptees, and other measures must be taken to reduce their traumas, especially by the multidisciplinary team that monitors the adoption process.
The present work aims to verify whether the re-abandonment of children and teenagers during the stage of coexistence with the adopters can cause existential damage. To carry out this verification, at first, extensive bibliographical, documentary and descriptive research is used to seek and understand the most modern concept of adoption, with the interpretation of legal articles, rights and principles that rule this institute, especially during the stage of coexistence with the adopters. In a second moment, the concepts of ‘return’ and ‘waiver’ are deconstructed, explaining the reason for its replacement by the term ‘re-abandonment’, together with its concept. Finally, the application of civil responsibility in family relationships is analyzed and, especially for the re-abandonment of children and teenagers during the stage of coexistence with the adopters, whether all the elements of civil responsibility are present (unlawful act, damage, causal link and fault) in that case. The existential damage is also conceptualized and its application to the situation of abandoned children is verified, given the perspectives of violation of the life plan and violation of the life based on relationships. It is concluded that the re-abandonment of children and teenagers during the stage of coexistence with the adopters can cause existential damages, however, the civil responsibility, in this case, subjective, may not be enough to repair or, at least, compensate the damages of the adoptees, and other measures must be taken to reduce their traumas, especially by the multidisciplinary team that monitors the adoption process.
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Keywords
adoção , estágio de convivência , reabandono , responsabilidade civil , adoption , stage of coexistence with adopters , re-abandonment , civil responsability