A manipulação genética à luz do direito e suas implicações jurídicas
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2021-06
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Moraes Filho, João Carlos Moreira de
Orientador
Scalquette, Ana Cláudia Silva
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Resumo
O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a manipulação genética em seu conceito geral e também em diversas ramificações específicas, por meio do estudo da legislação, da doutrina e da jurisprudência. Por se tratar de uma área voltada para a biologia, a ciência e a medicina tem um papel fundamental na estrutura do trabalho. A legislação brasileira receberá um foco maior, abordando as diversas leis que foram elaboradas, como a lei brasileira de biossegurança e a lei do patrimônio genético, e também as suas evoluções com o passar do tempo. Ainda que o tema da engenharia genética tenha surgido no século passado, muitas ideias e conceitos precisam ser aperfeiçoados e efetivados para que não reste incertezas sobre o assunto. Em um primeiro momento, houveram diversas restrições sobre a temática, mas a constante evolução da ciência e as pesquisas aprofundadas sobre o tema contornaram essas restrições e seguiram avançando cada vez mais amplamente. Frente à isso, o direito tenta o máximo possivel criar legislações que englobem amplamente esses conceitos em constante mudança, para não só garantir o amparo legal devido, mas também para prevenir que direitos fundamentais sejam colocados em risco, uma vez que a manipulação genética atua intimamente relacionada com a dignidade da pesoa humana. Esse descompasso entre as esferas científica e jurídica está sendo constantemente analisado no decorrer do trabalho, sempre realçando a importancia que um entendimento entre elas teria. Conexões filosóficas são estabelecidas entre a manipulação genética e o conceito de Sociedade do Desempenho, assim como o vínculo contínuo que essa ciência possui com a ética e os valores morais. Diversas indagações e dilemas decorrentes dessa prática são abordados dentro de cada um dos pontos de vista retratados, para se extrair todas as informações e pontos necessários.
The present work aims to analyze genetic manipulation in its general concept and also in several specific ramifications, through the study of legislation, doctrine and jurisprudence. As it is an area focused on biology, both science and medicine have a fundamental role in the structure of this work. Brazilian legislation will receive a greater focus, addressing the various laws that have been drafted, such as the Brazilian biosafety law and the law on genetic heritage, as well as their evolution over time. Even though the topic of genetic engineering came up in the last century, many ideas and concepts need to be improved and implemented so that there is no uncertainty on the subject. At first, there were several restrictions on the theme, but the constant evolution of science and in-depth research on the theme circumvented these restrictions and continued to advance more and more widely. In light of this, the law tries as much as possible to create legislation that broadly encompasses these constantly changing concepts, not only to guarantee the due legal protection, but also to prevent fundamental rights from being put at risk, since genetic manipulation works closely related to the dignity of the human person. This gap between the scientific and legal spheres is constantly being analyzed in the course of the work, always emphasizing the importance that an understanding between them would have. Philosophical connections are established between genetic manipulation and the concept of Performance Society, as well as the continuous link that this science has with ethics and moral values. Several questions and dilemmas arising from this practice are addressed within each of the points of view portrayed, in order to extract all the necessary information and points.
The present work aims to analyze genetic manipulation in its general concept and also in several specific ramifications, through the study of legislation, doctrine and jurisprudence. As it is an area focused on biology, both science and medicine have a fundamental role in the structure of this work. Brazilian legislation will receive a greater focus, addressing the various laws that have been drafted, such as the Brazilian biosafety law and the law on genetic heritage, as well as their evolution over time. Even though the topic of genetic engineering came up in the last century, many ideas and concepts need to be improved and implemented so that there is no uncertainty on the subject. At first, there were several restrictions on the theme, but the constant evolution of science and in-depth research on the theme circumvented these restrictions and continued to advance more and more widely. In light of this, the law tries as much as possible to create legislation that broadly encompasses these constantly changing concepts, not only to guarantee the due legal protection, but also to prevent fundamental rights from being put at risk, since genetic manipulation works closely related to the dignity of the human person. This gap between the scientific and legal spheres is constantly being analyzed in the course of the work, always emphasizing the importance that an understanding between them would have. Philosophical connections are established between genetic manipulation and the concept of Performance Society, as well as the continuous link that this science has with ethics and moral values. Several questions and dilemmas arising from this practice are addressed within each of the points of view portrayed, in order to extract all the necessary information and points.
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Palavras-chave
manipulação genética , direitos fundamentais , dignidade da pessoa humana , sociedade do desempenho , genetic manipulation , fundamental rights , human dignity , performance society