A responsabilidade penal pelo crime previsto no artigo 268 do código penal durante a pandemia do COVID-19
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2023-12
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Sene, Maria Clara Esteves
Orientador
Aranha, Rodrigo Domingues de Castro Camargo
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ISSN da Revista
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Resumo
Durante 2020 e 2021, a pandemia de Covid-19 imperava no mundo, não sendo o cenário diferente no Estado de São Paulo. Por meio de determinações do Poder Público, o Estado de São Paulo trabalhou para construir normativas com foco em impedir a propagação de uma doença contagiosa - a Covid-19. No Código Penal brasileiro, existe um capítulo que trata dos crimes contra a saúde pública. O artigo 268 do Código Penal (CP), por sua vez, trata sobre o crime de infração de medida sanitária preventiva, sendo esse o principal artigo de estudo durante o desenrolar deste trabalho. O título do presente trabalho é “A responsabilidade penal pelo crime previsto no artigo 268 do código penal durante a pandemia do Covid-19”. A responsabilidade penal é algo que rodeia todos os seres humanos, não sendo diferente no Brasil. Ao praticar uma conduta tipificada como crime no Código Penal, o correto é que essas pessoas arquem com a sua responsabilidade, e se duas pessoas praticarem, as duas deverão arcar com a penalidade. O período da pandemia foi marcado por medidas de isolamento social e quarentena. Festas, comemorações e eventos estavam estritamente proibidos em 2020 e 2021, porém, mesmo com as restrições, os eventos ilegais e as festas clandestinas seguiam acontecendo. Em várias situações, foi preciso até mesmo usar o reforço das autoridades policiais para tentar conter esses acontecimentos. O Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo (TJ-SP) foi responsável por analisar diversos casos sobre o crime do artigo 268 do Código Penal. Ao fazer um estudo de nove casos selecionados, observou-se que a condenação, bem como a denúncia, só abordava quem organizou os eventos, deixando de lado as pessoas que os frequentaram. A problemática existente no presente trabalho é justamente o fato de que, quando há um autor e um coautor de um fato criminoso, ambos devem sofrer com a penalidade, afinal, aqueles que, de alguma forma, contribuem para a prática de um crime, estão sujeitos às penas estabelecidas, de acordo com seu grau de responsabilidade. Ao analisar os atos cometidos e o que está disposto no Código Penal, parece evidente que não são somente os organizadores dos eventos que devem ser responsabilizados, ao passo que eventos clandestinos acontecem porque existem pessoas que os frequentam. Isso posto, o presente trabalho analisa elementos do crime e da responsabilidade penal, bem como destrincha o crime de infração de medida sanitária preventiva, além de refletir sobre as determinações estabelecidas pelo Poder Público que foram descumpridas.
During 2020 and 2021, the Covid-19 pandemic prevailed in the world, and the scenario was no different in the State of São Paulo. Through determinations from the Public Power, the State of São Paulo worked to build regulations focused on preventing the spread of a contagious disease - Covid-19. In the Brazilian Penal Code, there is a chapter that deals with crimes against public health. Article 268 of the Penal Code (CP), in turn, deals with the crime of violating preventive health measures, which is the main article of study during the course of this work. The title of this work is ‘’ Criminal liability for the crime provided for in article 268 of the penal code during the Covid-19 pandemic’’. Criminal liability is something that surrounds all human beings, and it is no different in Brazil. When carrying out a conduct classified as a crime in the Penal Code, it is correct for these people to bear their responsibility – and if two people do it, both must bear the penalty. The pandemic period was marked by social isolation and quarantine measures. Parties, celebrations and events were strictly prohibited in 2020 and 2021, however, even with the restrictions, illegal events and clandestine parties continued to take place. In several situations, it was even necessary to use the reinforcement of police authorities to try to contain these events. The Court of Justice of the State of São Paulo (TJ-SP) was responsible for analyzing several cases regarding the crime of article 268 of the Penal Code. When carrying out a study of nine selected cases, it was observed that the conviction, as well as the complaint, only addressed those who organized the events, leaving aside the people who attended them. The existing problem in the present work is precisely the fact that, when there is an author and a co-author of a criminal act, both must suffer the penalty, after all, whoever, in any way, contributes to the crime is subject to the penalties assigned to this. , to the extent of his culpability. When analyzing the acts committed, and analyzing what is provided in the Penal Code, in this analysis, it seems clear that it is not only the organizers of the events who should be held responsible, while clandestine events happen because there are people who attend them. That said, this work will analyze elements of crime and criminal liability, as well as unravel the crime of infraction of preventive health measures, in addition to analyzing the determinations established by the Public Authorities that were not complied with.
During 2020 and 2021, the Covid-19 pandemic prevailed in the world, and the scenario was no different in the State of São Paulo. Through determinations from the Public Power, the State of São Paulo worked to build regulations focused on preventing the spread of a contagious disease - Covid-19. In the Brazilian Penal Code, there is a chapter that deals with crimes against public health. Article 268 of the Penal Code (CP), in turn, deals with the crime of violating preventive health measures, which is the main article of study during the course of this work. The title of this work is ‘’ Criminal liability for the crime provided for in article 268 of the penal code during the Covid-19 pandemic’’. Criminal liability is something that surrounds all human beings, and it is no different in Brazil. When carrying out a conduct classified as a crime in the Penal Code, it is correct for these people to bear their responsibility – and if two people do it, both must bear the penalty. The pandemic period was marked by social isolation and quarantine measures. Parties, celebrations and events were strictly prohibited in 2020 and 2021, however, even with the restrictions, illegal events and clandestine parties continued to take place. In several situations, it was even necessary to use the reinforcement of police authorities to try to contain these events. The Court of Justice of the State of São Paulo (TJ-SP) was responsible for analyzing several cases regarding the crime of article 268 of the Penal Code. When carrying out a study of nine selected cases, it was observed that the conviction, as well as the complaint, only addressed those who organized the events, leaving aside the people who attended them. The existing problem in the present work is precisely the fact that, when there is an author and a co-author of a criminal act, both must suffer the penalty, after all, whoever, in any way, contributes to the crime is subject to the penalties assigned to this. , to the extent of his culpability. When analyzing the acts committed, and analyzing what is provided in the Penal Code, in this analysis, it seems clear that it is not only the organizers of the events who should be held responsible, while clandestine events happen because there are people who attend them. That said, this work will analyze elements of crime and criminal liability, as well as unravel the crime of infraction of preventive health measures, in addition to analyzing the determinations established by the Public Authorities that were not complied with.
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responsabilidade penal , código penal , artigo 268 , COVID-19 , criminal responsibility , penal code , article 268