A prática de dietas da moda e seus efeitos em relação ao estado nutricional
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2019-06
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Texeira, Beatriz Guedes
Urrestarazu, Isabella
Urrestarazu, Isabella
Orientador
Bazanelli, Ana Paula
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ISSN da Revista
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Resumo
Introdução: A qualidade e quantidade dos produtos disponíveis atualmente no mercado
tem alterado o consumo alimentar da população, ocasionando uma ingestão desenfreada de
alimentos com alto valor calórico, que, aliados ao sedentarismo, produzem uma geração
com sobrepeso. Na tentativa de redução de peso e controle da obesidade tem surgido uma
vasta oferta de dietas que prometem perda de peso de forma rápida. Essas dietas são
chamadas de dietas da moda e podem ser definidas como padrões de comportamento
alimentar não usuais adotados entusiasticamente por seus seguidores, carecendo de um
fundamento científico e não respeitando as necessidades fisiológicas dos indivíduos.
Objetivo: Caracterizar a prática de dietas da moda entre indivíduos e sua possível
implicação em relação ao estado nutricional. Método: Essa pesquisa foi um estudo de
delineamento trasversal, composta por indivíduos de ambos os sexos com idade superior a
18 anos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário online composto por
questões que abordavam informações referentes as características sócio-demográficas,
pessoais e de saúde. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 51 indivíduos, sendo 49
(96,1%) do sexo feminino, com idade média de 22,7 ± 5,1 anos e IMC 22,7 ± 3,6kg/m2
.Entre os participantes observou-se que a dieta mais praticada foi a Low Carb (77,5%)
seguida da dieta do Jejum Intermitente (53%). A maioria dos indivíduos (59%) realizou a
dieta sem prescrisão de nenhum tipo de profissional e apenas 31% relatou prescrição de
nutricionistas. A maior parte da amostra (70,8%) praticou a dieta com o objetivo de
redução de peso, sendo que essa prática proporcionou para a maioria um tempo curto (1 a
3 meses) de peso reduzido. Dentre os sintomas mencionados pelos praticantes com a
prática da dieta, os mais frequentes foram dor de cabeça (51,1%) e irritabilidade (57,4%).
Quando avaliado a relação das dietas da moda mais praticadas com percepção de sucesso
pelos indivíduos, não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significativa. Conclusão: As
dietas da moda mais praticadas foram a Low Carb e a do Jejum Intermitente, sendo essas
realizadas, em sua maioria, para redução de peso e sem prescrição nutricional. Esse fato
torna-se preocupante quando identificado a presença de sintomas indesejáveis a saúde na
prática dessas dietas e o curto prazo encontrado na manutenção do resultado desejado.
Diante desses achados, torna-se importante reforçar a importância da prescrição dietética
adequada, assim como do acompanhamento nutricional para que o plano alimentar possa
atender as demandas nutricionais pertinentes a cada indivíduo e promover uma educação
nutricional e não somente uma mudança pontual de hábitos alimentares.
Introduction: The quality and quantity of products currently available on the market has changed the way that people are eating in the world, causing an uncontrolled ingestion of foods with high caloric value, combined with a sedentary lifestyle creates an overweight generation. The attempt to decrease weight and control of obesity has caused a rise in the amount of diets that promise a fast weight loss. Those diets are called fad diets and can be defined as unusual eating patterns adopted enthusiastically by their followers, with a lack of scientific knowledge and lack of respect for the physiological needs of individuals. Objective: To evaluate the use of fad diets among individuals and their possibilities of intervention on the nutritional state. Method: This study was a cross-sectional study with a sample of individuals of both sexes over 18 years of age. The data was collected through an online questionnaire with information about the sociodemographic, personal and health characteristics. Results: The sample was made of 51 individuals, 49 (96.1%) female, with a half-average of 22.7 ± 5.1 years and a BMI of 22.7 ± 3.6 kg / m2. Among the participants, the most practiced diet was the Low Carb (77.5%) following the Intermittent Fasting (53%). Most of the individuals (59%) performed the diet without the prescription of any type of professional and only 31% reported that the diet was prescribed by a nutritionist. The majority of the sample (70.8%) practiced the diet with the purpose of weight loss, but for most of the sample was provide a short time (1 to 3 months) of weight loss. Among the symptoms mentioned by the participants with use of this diet, the most frequent were headache (51.1%) and irritability (57.4%). When we evaluated, the relationship between the most practiced fad diets with a perception of success by the individuals, no statistically significant difference was observed. Conclusion: The most popular fad diets were Low Carb and Intermittent Fasting. Most of these diets were practiced with the purpose of weight loss and without nutritional prescription. This fact becomes worrying when the presence of undesirable health symptoms is present in the practice of these diets and the short time found in maintaining the desired result. As a result of these findings, it becomes important to reinforce the importance of adequate dietary prescription, as well as nutritional monitoring so that the food plan can meet the nutritional demands of each individual and promote a nutritional education and not only a specific change of eating habits.
Introduction: The quality and quantity of products currently available on the market has changed the way that people are eating in the world, causing an uncontrolled ingestion of foods with high caloric value, combined with a sedentary lifestyle creates an overweight generation. The attempt to decrease weight and control of obesity has caused a rise in the amount of diets that promise a fast weight loss. Those diets are called fad diets and can be defined as unusual eating patterns adopted enthusiastically by their followers, with a lack of scientific knowledge and lack of respect for the physiological needs of individuals. Objective: To evaluate the use of fad diets among individuals and their possibilities of intervention on the nutritional state. Method: This study was a cross-sectional study with a sample of individuals of both sexes over 18 years of age. The data was collected through an online questionnaire with information about the sociodemographic, personal and health characteristics. Results: The sample was made of 51 individuals, 49 (96.1%) female, with a half-average of 22.7 ± 5.1 years and a BMI of 22.7 ± 3.6 kg / m2. Among the participants, the most practiced diet was the Low Carb (77.5%) following the Intermittent Fasting (53%). Most of the individuals (59%) performed the diet without the prescription of any type of professional and only 31% reported that the diet was prescribed by a nutritionist. The majority of the sample (70.8%) practiced the diet with the purpose of weight loss, but for most of the sample was provide a short time (1 to 3 months) of weight loss. Among the symptoms mentioned by the participants with use of this diet, the most frequent were headache (51.1%) and irritability (57.4%). When we evaluated, the relationship between the most practiced fad diets with a perception of success by the individuals, no statistically significant difference was observed. Conclusion: The most popular fad diets were Low Carb and Intermittent Fasting. Most of these diets were practiced with the purpose of weight loss and without nutritional prescription. This fact becomes worrying when the presence of undesirable health symptoms is present in the practice of these diets and the short time found in maintaining the desired result. As a result of these findings, it becomes important to reinforce the importance of adequate dietary prescription, as well as nutritional monitoring so that the food plan can meet the nutritional demands of each individual and promote a nutritional education and not only a specific change of eating habits.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
dieta da moda , estado nutricional , redução de peso , fad diet , nutritional state , weight loss