Relação da obesidade/sobrepeso com a sarcopenia e o escore Findriski
Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2024-05-23
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Klein, Gabrielly de Souza Sapateiro
Valomin, Stephanie
Valomin, Stephanie
Orientador
Zella, Maria Augusta Karas
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
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Resumo
A obesidade é reconhecida pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) como uma
doença crônica, de impacto significativo na mortalidade com aumento de 29% na
mortalidade geral a cada aumento de 5 kg/m² no IMC (índice de massa corporal).
Afetando também a expectativa de vida de 8 a 10 anos de pessoas com IMC entre 40
e 45 kg/m², sendo fator de risco para diabetes tipo 2 (DM2). Além disso, a obesidade
está relacionada ao risco aumentado de sarcopenia, em decorrência do excesso de
gordura corporal que pode ocasionar redução da massa muscular e da força.
Outrossim, é a associação entre a sarcopenia e à resistência à insulina, pois essa
resistência periférica leva ao déficit microvascular na musculatura, acarretando
aumento da degradação proteica e atrofia das fibras musculares. OBJETIVO:
Analisar o risco de desenvolvimento de DM2 em indivíduos com
sobrepeso/obesidade, considerando a presença ou ausência de sarcopenia.
METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, observacional e prospectivo,
realizado em ambulatório de um hospital escola, envolvendo 200 pacientes e
acompanhantes com idade entre 18 e 59 anos e IMC ≥ 25. Os participantes foram
submetidos a avaliações clínicas e antropométricas detalhadas, incluindo
questionários FINDRISK e SARC-F+CC, medições de peso, altura, circunferência
abdominal e de pescoço, avaliação da força de preensão palmar por dinamômetro
Jamar, teste do levantar da cadeira e teste de velocidade da marcha. A massa
muscular foi quantificada pela equação de Lee, enquanto a gordura corporal foi
quantificada pela equação RFM (massa gorda relativa). RESULTADOS: A amostra
avaliada foi formada por 87 pessoas com obesidade e por 113 com sobrepeso,
havendo predomínio do gênero feminino com 50,5%. Em relação à sarcopenia, no
escore SARC-F+CC ≥ 11, houve alterações em 6 pessoas. Nos testes dinâmicos
foram observadas alterações em apenas 4 mulheres, e em uma delas houve alteração
simultânea ao escore SARC-F+CC. Não foram encontradas alterações na força de
preensão palmar em nenhum dos participantes. Pela equação RFM menos da metade
das mulheres foram consideradas obesas, além da análise do questionário FINDRISK
mostrou que os escores mais altos comparados com a quantificação de gordura por
essa equação. CONCLUSÃO: Embora não tenha sido encontrada sarcopenia na
população estudada, observou-se uma associação entre os escores FINDRISK mais
elevados, obesidade abdominal, IMC e RFM e redução da força de preensão palmar.
Esses resultados destacam a importância da avaliação do risco de desenvolvimento
de diabetes tipo 2 em indivíduos com sobrepeso/obesidade e indicam a necessidade
de intervenções preventivas para mitigar esse risco. A prevenção e o tratamento da
obesidade e da sarcopenia são fundamentais para reduzir o risco de DM2 e melhorar
a qualidade de vida desses indivíduos.
Obesity is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a chronic disease, with a significant impact on mortality, with a 29% increase in overall mortality for each 5 kg/m² increase in BMI. It also affects the life expectancy of people with a BMI (body mass index) between 40 and 45 kg/m² by 8 to 10 years, and is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes (DM2). In addition, obesity is related to an increased risk of sarcopenia, due to excess body fat which can lead to a reduction in muscle mass and strength. There is also an association between sarcopenia and insulin resistance, as this peripheral resistance leads to a microvascular deficit in the muscles, resulting in increased protein breakdown and muscle fiber atrophy. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the risk of developing DM2 in overweight/obese individuals, considering the presence or absence of sarcopenia. METHODOLOGY: This is a cross-sectional, observational and prospective study carried out in the outpatient clinic of a teaching hospital, involving 200 patients and companions aged between 18 and 59 and with a BMI ≥ 25. Participants underwent detailed clinical and anthropometric assessments, including FINDRISK and SARC-F+CC questionnaires, weight, height, abdominal and neck circumference measurements, assessment of handgrip strength using a Jamar dynamometer, chair stand test and gait speed test. Muscle mass was quantified using the Lee equation, while body fat was quantified using RFM (relative fat mass) equation. RESULTS: The sample was made up of 87 obese and 113 overweight people, with a predominance of females at 50.5%. With regard to sarcopenia, the SARC-F+CC score ≥ 11 was altered in 6 people. In the dynamic tests, changes were observed in only 4 women, and in one of them there was a simultaneous change in the SARC-F+CC score. No changes were found in grip strength in any of the participants. Using the RFM equation, less than half of the women were considered obese, and analysis of the FINDRISK questionnaire showed higher scores compared to fat quantification using this equation. CONCLUSION: Although sarcopenia was not found in the population studied, an association was observed between higher FINDRISK scores, abdominal obesity, BMI and RFM and reduced handgrip strength. These results highlight the importance of assessing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in overweight/obese individuals and indicate the need for preventive interventions to mitigate this risk. The prevention and treatment of obesity and sarcopenia are fundamental to reducing the risk of DM2 and improving the quality of life of these individuals.
Obesity is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a chronic disease, with a significant impact on mortality, with a 29% increase in overall mortality for each 5 kg/m² increase in BMI. It also affects the life expectancy of people with a BMI (body mass index) between 40 and 45 kg/m² by 8 to 10 years, and is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes (DM2). In addition, obesity is related to an increased risk of sarcopenia, due to excess body fat which can lead to a reduction in muscle mass and strength. There is also an association between sarcopenia and insulin resistance, as this peripheral resistance leads to a microvascular deficit in the muscles, resulting in increased protein breakdown and muscle fiber atrophy. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the risk of developing DM2 in overweight/obese individuals, considering the presence or absence of sarcopenia. METHODOLOGY: This is a cross-sectional, observational and prospective study carried out in the outpatient clinic of a teaching hospital, involving 200 patients and companions aged between 18 and 59 and with a BMI ≥ 25. Participants underwent detailed clinical and anthropometric assessments, including FINDRISK and SARC-F+CC questionnaires, weight, height, abdominal and neck circumference measurements, assessment of handgrip strength using a Jamar dynamometer, chair stand test and gait speed test. Muscle mass was quantified using the Lee equation, while body fat was quantified using RFM (relative fat mass) equation. RESULTS: The sample was made up of 87 obese and 113 overweight people, with a predominance of females at 50.5%. With regard to sarcopenia, the SARC-F+CC score ≥ 11 was altered in 6 people. In the dynamic tests, changes were observed in only 4 women, and in one of them there was a simultaneous change in the SARC-F+CC score. No changes were found in grip strength in any of the participants. Using the RFM equation, less than half of the women were considered obese, and analysis of the FINDRISK questionnaire showed higher scores compared to fat quantification using this equation. CONCLUSION: Although sarcopenia was not found in the population studied, an association was observed between higher FINDRISK scores, abdominal obesity, BMI and RFM and reduced handgrip strength. These results highlight the importance of assessing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in overweight/obese individuals and indicate the need for preventive interventions to mitigate this risk. The prevention and treatment of obesity and sarcopenia are fundamental to reducing the risk of DM2 and improving the quality of life of these individuals.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
obesidade , sobrepeso , sarcopenia , Findrisk , diabetes mellitus tipo 2 , RFM , obesity , overweight , sarcopenia , Findrisk , type 2 diabetes