Créditos de carbono: ambiente legal e desafios atuais
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2023-12
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Muller, Gerhard Guttilla
Orientador
Pires, Lilian Regina Gabriel Moreira
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ISSN da Revista
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Resumo
Frente à crescente importância demonstrada pela comunidade científica e política no plano internacional no tocante à conservação de áreas florestais nativas e à redução de emissão de gases de efeito estufa, o estudo e análise do instrumento do crédito de carbono, assim como dos mecanismos de mercado, projetos e ambiente legal relacionados ao mesmo, para compreender sua eficácia como redutor das emissões de gases do efeito estufa se demonstra de suma importância. Para tanto serão analisados os mecanismos de criação e a regulamentação dos créditos de carbono, partindo da Convenção Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre a Mudança do Clima ou Rio-92, promulgada pelo Decreto nº 2.652, de 1º de julho de 1998 e estendendo a análise até os mais recentes desdobramentos, inclusive o projeto de Lei nº 412, de 2022, atualmente aguardando despacho do Presidente da Câmara dos Deputados, que busca instituir o Sistema Brasileiro de Comércio de Emissões de Gases de Efeito Estufa (SBCE). Este trabalho dará foco em especial na iniciativa proposta pela ONU denominada REDD+ (Redução de Emissões provenientes de Desmatamento e Degradação florestal), que visa a redução de emissões de países em desenvolvimento provenientes de desmatamento e da degradação florestal, em vista de sua especial relevância para o cenário nacional. Este projeto visa a melhor compreensão da aplicação do REDD+ frente aos demais projetos de geração de créditos de carbono como ferramenta de conservação e sustentabilidade.
In view of the growing importance shown by the scientific and political community at international level with regard to the conservation of native forest areas and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, the study and analysis of the carbon credit instrument, as well as the market mechanisms, projects and legal environment related to it, in order to understand its effectiveness in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, is extremely important. To this end, the mechanisms for creating and regulating carbon credits will be analyzed, starting with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change or Rio-92, enacted by Decree No. 2,652 of July 1, 1998, and extending the analysis to the most recent developments, including Bill No. 412 of 2022, currently awaiting approval from the President of the Chamber of Deputies, which seeks to establish the Brazilian Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading System (SBCE). This paper will focus in particular on the initiative proposed by the UN called REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation), which aims to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries, given its special relevance to the national scenario. This project aims to gain a better understanding of the application of REDD+ compared to other carbon credit generation projects as a conservation and sustainability tool.
In view of the growing importance shown by the scientific and political community at international level with regard to the conservation of native forest areas and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, the study and analysis of the carbon credit instrument, as well as the market mechanisms, projects and legal environment related to it, in order to understand its effectiveness in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, is extremely important. To this end, the mechanisms for creating and regulating carbon credits will be analyzed, starting with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change or Rio-92, enacted by Decree No. 2,652 of July 1, 1998, and extending the analysis to the most recent developments, including Bill No. 412 of 2022, currently awaiting approval from the President of the Chamber of Deputies, which seeks to establish the Brazilian Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading System (SBCE). This paper will focus in particular on the initiative proposed by the UN called REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation), which aims to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries, given its special relevance to the national scenario. This project aims to gain a better understanding of the application of REDD+ compared to other carbon credit generation projects as a conservation and sustainability tool.
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Palavras-chave
créditos de carbono , conservação , meio-ambiente , REDD+ , carbon credits , conservation , environment , climate change