Crimes virtuais: as singularidades dos delitos praticados pela internet
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TCC
Date
2023-12
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Authors
Silva Filho, Marcos José da
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Barone, Marcelo Luiz
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Abstract
Esta monografia objetiva discutir os crimes cometidos pela internet procedendo-se a uma análise sobre as singularidades dos delitos virtuais e os riscos da exposição excessiva e compartilhada na internet, especialmente durante a pandemia do Covid-19, buscando, ainda, discutir se é necessária a edição de uma legislação penal especial destinada especificamente aos cibercrimes. Para tanto, aborda as noções gerais dos cibercrimes na sociedade moderna, suas classificações, tipificação dos sujeitos e algumas práticas delituosas de ocorrência mais comuns entre os crimes virtuais, notadamente aqueles que decorrem da exposição excessiva em redes sociais; estabelece uma relação entre a pandemia do Covid-19 e o aumento da criminalidade virtual; e explica as perspectivas para a investigação preliminar e combate aos cibercrimes, listando os problemas com relação às provas obtidas, a interpretação das normas já existentes e a (des)necessidade de novas criminalizações. Como metodologia foi empregada a pesquisa bibliográfica valendo-se de doutrinas e legislações pertinentes à temática abordadas, permitindo concluir que a exposição desmedida na internet pode levar a uma série de riscos relacionados a crimes virtuais. Embora o risco de ser vítima de um ataque virtual permaneça, algumas medidas de mitigação podem ajudar os internautas. Para estes, é recomendável ser cauteloso ao compartilhar informações pessoais online; revelar apenas o necessário; ficar atento às configurações de privacidade dos perfis em redes sociais com vistas a controlar quem poderá acessar as informações expostas; usar senhas fortes e singulares para as contas acessadas online; e, sempre que houver a possibilidade, ativar a autenticação em dois fatores. É necessário não apenas se travar uma discussão em âmbito acadêmico, como também despertar nos gestores públicos um maior interesse pelas instituições. É preciso também investir em publicidade para a conscientização das pessoas dos riscos aos quais estão expostas e sobre o que devem fazer para minorar as chances de serem vítimas de crimes virtuais.
This monograph aims to discuss crimes committed over the internet, proceeding with an analysis of the risks of excessive and shared exposure on the internet, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic, also seeking to discuss whether it is necessary to issue a special criminal legislation specifically aimed at cybercrime. To this end, it addresses the general notions of virtual crimes in contemporary society, their classifications, typification of subjects and some of the most common criminal practices among virtual crimes, notably those resulting from excessive exposure on social networks; establishes a relationship between the Covid-19 pandemic and the increase in cybercrime; and explains the prospects for the preliminary investigation and fight against cybercrime, listing the problems regarding the evidence obtained, the interpretation of existing norms and the (un)necessity of new criminalizations. As a methodology, bibliographical research was used, using doctrines and legislation relevant to the theme addressed, allowing to conclude that excessive exposure on the internet can lead to a series of risks related to virtual crimes. Although the risk of falling victim to a virtual attack remains, some mitigation measures can help users of the world wide web. For these, it is recommended to be cautious when sharing personal information online; reveal only what is necessary; be aware of the privacy settings of profiles on social networks in order to control who can access the exposed information; make use of strong and unique passwords for all online accounts; and enable two-factor authentication whenever possible. It is necessary not only to engage in a discussion in an academic context, but also to awaken in public managers a greater interest in the institutions. It is also necessary to invest in advertising to make people aware of the risks to which they are exposed and what they should do to reduce the chances of being victims of cybercrime.
This monograph aims to discuss crimes committed over the internet, proceeding with an analysis of the risks of excessive and shared exposure on the internet, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic, also seeking to discuss whether it is necessary to issue a special criminal legislation specifically aimed at cybercrime. To this end, it addresses the general notions of virtual crimes in contemporary society, their classifications, typification of subjects and some of the most common criminal practices among virtual crimes, notably those resulting from excessive exposure on social networks; establishes a relationship between the Covid-19 pandemic and the increase in cybercrime; and explains the prospects for the preliminary investigation and fight against cybercrime, listing the problems regarding the evidence obtained, the interpretation of existing norms and the (un)necessity of new criminalizations. As a methodology, bibliographical research was used, using doctrines and legislation relevant to the theme addressed, allowing to conclude that excessive exposure on the internet can lead to a series of risks related to virtual crimes. Although the risk of falling victim to a virtual attack remains, some mitigation measures can help users of the world wide web. For these, it is recommended to be cautious when sharing personal information online; reveal only what is necessary; be aware of the privacy settings of profiles on social networks in order to control who can access the exposed information; make use of strong and unique passwords for all online accounts; and enable two-factor authentication whenever possible. It is necessary not only to engage in a discussion in an academic context, but also to awaken in public managers a greater interest in the institutions. It is also necessary to invest in advertising to make people aware of the risks to which they are exposed and what they should do to reduce the chances of being victims of cybercrime.
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Keywords
internet , cibercrimes , pandemia , reflexos , cybercrimes , pandemic , reflexes