Os efeitos da sentença absolutória na responsabilidade civil
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2018-11-30
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Souza, Nathália Criscito Galvão
Orientador
Bdine Junior, Hamid Charaf
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Resumo
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo elucidar os limites da autonomia das jurisdições, especificamente através dos efeitos que a sentença penal absolutória pode trazer ao juízo cível. Com o objetivo de trazer uma maior organização e especialidade no exercício do Direito, o atual ordenamento jurídico brasileiro organiza as jurisdições de forma fragmentada, de modo que cada área do direito material é processada perante uma jurisdição correspondente, quais sejam: cível, penal, eleitoral, fiscal e trabalhista. Neste trabalho o foco é a análise da repercussão da sentença que absolve um Réu perante a jurisdição penal na jurisdição cível quando ambas tratarem de um mesmo fato, levando em consideração, principalmente, a relatividade da ideia de independência na responsabilização civil e criminal trazida pelo art. 935 do Código de Processo Civil. Sabe-se que, na prática, mencionada independência torna-se relativa, vez que de um mesmo fato podem surgir uma diversidade de deveres e direitos a serem respeitados e protegidos, sendo que nem sempre esses direitos estão subdivididos de modo a serem tratados pela mesma jurisdição. Especificamente quanto à jurisdição cível e penal, há uma amplitude de hipóteses em que situações envolvendo o mesmo fato e o mesmo Réu são tratadas de formas diversas em cada jurisdição, sendo que uma pode levar a absolvição criminal sem prejuízo da configuração de eventual responsabilização civil. Para tanto, serão estudados os conceitos básicos de responsabilidade civil objetiva e subjetiva, as diferenças entre os ilícitos cíveis e penais, bem como a conceituação de sentença, sua natureza e efeitos perante o judiciário, com elucidações doutrinárias e casos práticos.
This paper aims to elucidate the limits of the autonomy of the jurisdictions, specifically through the effects that the acquittal criminal sentence can bring to the civil court. In order to bring about a greater organization and specialty in the exercise of the Law, the current Brazilian legal system organizes the jurisdictions in a fragmented way, so that each area of material law is processed before a corresponding jurisdiction, namely: civil, criminal, electoral, fiscal and labor. In this work the focus is the analysis of the repercussion of the sentence that acquits a Defendant before the criminal jurisdiction in the civil jurisdiction when both deal with the same fact, taking into account, mainly, the relativity of the idea of independence in the civil and criminal responsibility brought by art . 935 of the Code of Civil Procedure. It is known that, in practice, the aforementioned independence becomes relative, since from the same fact a diversity of duties and rights to be respected and protected can arise, being that these rights are not always always subdivided in order to be treated by the same jurisdiction. Specifically regarding civil and criminal jurisdiction, there is a range of hypotheses in which situations involving the same fact and the same Defendant are treated in different ways in each jurisdiction, one of which may lead to criminal acquittal without prejudice to the configuration of possible civil liability. In order to do so, the basic concepts of objective and subjective civil liability, the differences between civil and criminal offenses, as well as the conceptualization of sentence, its nature and effects before the judiciary, with doctrinal elucidations and practical cases will be studied.
This paper aims to elucidate the limits of the autonomy of the jurisdictions, specifically through the effects that the acquittal criminal sentence can bring to the civil court. In order to bring about a greater organization and specialty in the exercise of the Law, the current Brazilian legal system organizes the jurisdictions in a fragmented way, so that each area of material law is processed before a corresponding jurisdiction, namely: civil, criminal, electoral, fiscal and labor. In this work the focus is the analysis of the repercussion of the sentence that acquits a Defendant before the criminal jurisdiction in the civil jurisdiction when both deal with the same fact, taking into account, mainly, the relativity of the idea of independence in the civil and criminal responsibility brought by art . 935 of the Code of Civil Procedure. It is known that, in practice, the aforementioned independence becomes relative, since from the same fact a diversity of duties and rights to be respected and protected can arise, being that these rights are not always always subdivided in order to be treated by the same jurisdiction. Specifically regarding civil and criminal jurisdiction, there is a range of hypotheses in which situations involving the same fact and the same Defendant are treated in different ways in each jurisdiction, one of which may lead to criminal acquittal without prejudice to the configuration of possible civil liability. In order to do so, the basic concepts of objective and subjective civil liability, the differences between civil and criminal offenses, as well as the conceptualization of sentence, its nature and effects before the judiciary, with doctrinal elucidations and practical cases will be studied.
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Palavras-chave
jurisdições , independência relativa , sentença absolutória , responsabilidade Civil , ato ilícito , coisa julgada , título executivo , efeitos , civil responsability , jurisdictions , criminal sentence , effects