Estado nutricional e percepção de imagem corporal em universitários da área da saúde de instituições de ensino privadas de São Paulo - SP
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2019-06
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Braga, Bruna Dias
Berardo, Larissa Regis
Berardo, Larissa Regis
Orientador
Morimoto, Juliana Masami
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ISSN da Revista
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Resumo
Introdução: A imagem corporal (IC) envolve vários fatores psicológicos, sociais,
culturais e biológicos que determinam subjetivamente o constructo multidimensional
e dinâmico formado pelas imagens, representações mentais e conceituação da
estrutura corporal e da aparência física de um indivíduo em relação ao seu próprio
corpo. O comportamento alimentar inadequado tem maior frequência em jovens
universitários, que apresentam relação conturbada com o alimento e com o corpo,
podendo ter consequências físicas e psíquicas. Objetivo: Relacionar o estado
nutricional com a percepção de imagem corporal de universitários da área da saúde
de instituições de ensino privadas. Método: Estudo transversal realizado em
universidades privadas, com aplicação de questionário contendo questões
demográficas, socioeconômicas, de estilo de vida e sobre a realização de dietas.
Para avaliação do consumo alimentar foi aplicado questionário “marcadores de
consumo alimentar do SISVAN”. Para a avaliação da percepção de imagem corporal
foi utilizada escala de silhuetas adaptada. Peso e altura referidos foram usados para
o cálculo do IMC e avaliação do estado nutricional. O teste do qui-quadrado foi
utilizado para analisar a relação de variáveis sobre o comportamento alimentar e o
estado nutricional com a satisfação da imagem corporal. Para analisar a relação
entre o IMC real e o IMC percebido como real utilizou-se a correlação de Pearson.
Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 51 universitários do sexo feminino e 18 do
sexo masculino, com idade média de 24,23 anos (DP=6,8 anos). De acordo com o
IMC, 2,9% da amostra apresentou baixo peso, 56,5% eutrofia, 36,2% sobrepeso e
4,3% obesidade. A maioria dos universitários relatou realizar exercícios físicos
(67%). Foi evidenciada prevalência de 68,1 % da amostra com insatisfação corporal.
Foi encontrado que a maioria dos universitários tem preocupação após o consumo
de doces (70%) e tem sentimento de culpa ao ingerir alimentos calóricos (75%).
Entre os alimentos considerados de risco à saúde, as bebidas adoçadas foram
referidas de consumo no dia anterior por 42% dos universitários. Entre os alimentos
protetores, verduras e legumes foram referidas de consumo por 71%. Apenas 46%
da amostra estudada relatou não realizar dieta da moda e dentre os estudantes de
nutrição somente 34%. Houve forte correlação entre o estado nutricional e a
percepção da imagem corporal (r=0,70). Mas o estado nutricional avaliado pelo IMC
não teve associação significativa com a satisfação da imagem corporal. Conclusão:
Foi revelada elevada insatisfação e preocupação com a imagem corporal e com a
escolha de alimentos considerados saudáveis, além de grande adesão a dietas da
moda. Tais resultados evidenciam a necessidade de sinal de alerta para a
população, uma vez que estão relacionados com aumento de transtornos
alimentares.
Here is the text with the words separated: Introduction: The body image (BI) involves several psychological, social, cultural, and biological factors that subjectively determine the multidimensional and dynamic construct formed by images, mental representations, and conceptualization of the body structure and the physical appearance of an individual in relation to his own body. The improper eating behavior is more frequent in university students, who present a disturbed relationship with food and with their bodies, that may have physical and psychic consequences. Objective: To relate nutritional status to the perception of body image of university students in the health area of private educational institutions. Method: Cross-sectional study carried out in private universities, with questionnaire application containing demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and dietary questions. For the evaluation of food consumption, a questionnaire was applied "food consumption markers of SISVAN". To evaluate the perception of body image, a scale of adapted silhouettes was used. Weight and height were used to calculate BMI and nutritional status. The chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship of variables on eating behavior and nutritional status with body image satisfaction. To analyze the relationship between real BMI and BMI perceived as real, the Pearson correlation was used. Results: The sample consisted of 51 female university students and 18 male students, with a mean age of 24.23 years (SD = 6.8 years). According to the BMI, 2.9% of the sample was underweight, 56.5% eutrophic, 36.2% overweight, and 4.3% obese. The majority of university students reported doing physical exercises (67%). It was evidenced the prevalence of 68.1% of the sample with body dissatisfaction. It was found that most college students are worried after eating candy (70%) and feel guilty about eating caloric foods (75%). Among foods considered to be a risk to health, the consumption of sweetened beverages was referred by 42% of university students. Among the protective foods, the consumption of vegetables was referred by 71%. Only 46% of the sample studied did not carry out a fad diet. There was a strong correlation between nutritional status and body image perception (r = 0.70). However, the nutritional status assessed by BMI was not significantly associated with body image satisfaction. Conclusion: It was revealed high body dissatisfaction and concern with body image and choice of foods considered healthy, besides great adherence to fad diets. These results highlight the need for an alert signal for the population, since they are related to an increase in eating disorders.
Here is the text with the words separated: Introduction: The body image (BI) involves several psychological, social, cultural, and biological factors that subjectively determine the multidimensional and dynamic construct formed by images, mental representations, and conceptualization of the body structure and the physical appearance of an individual in relation to his own body. The improper eating behavior is more frequent in university students, who present a disturbed relationship with food and with their bodies, that may have physical and psychic consequences. Objective: To relate nutritional status to the perception of body image of university students in the health area of private educational institutions. Method: Cross-sectional study carried out in private universities, with questionnaire application containing demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and dietary questions. For the evaluation of food consumption, a questionnaire was applied "food consumption markers of SISVAN". To evaluate the perception of body image, a scale of adapted silhouettes was used. Weight and height were used to calculate BMI and nutritional status. The chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship of variables on eating behavior and nutritional status with body image satisfaction. To analyze the relationship between real BMI and BMI perceived as real, the Pearson correlation was used. Results: The sample consisted of 51 female university students and 18 male students, with a mean age of 24.23 years (SD = 6.8 years). According to the BMI, 2.9% of the sample was underweight, 56.5% eutrophic, 36.2% overweight, and 4.3% obese. The majority of university students reported doing physical exercises (67%). It was evidenced the prevalence of 68.1% of the sample with body dissatisfaction. It was found that most college students are worried after eating candy (70%) and feel guilty about eating caloric foods (75%). Among foods considered to be a risk to health, the consumption of sweetened beverages was referred by 42% of university students. Among the protective foods, the consumption of vegetables was referred by 71%. Only 46% of the sample studied did not carry out a fad diet. There was a strong correlation between nutritional status and body image perception (r = 0.70). However, the nutritional status assessed by BMI was not significantly associated with body image satisfaction. Conclusion: It was revealed high body dissatisfaction and concern with body image and choice of foods considered healthy, besides great adherence to fad diets. These results highlight the need for an alert signal for the population, since they are related to an increase in eating disorders.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
universitários , alimentação , comportamento , collegestudents , eating , behavior.