O direito à educação assegurado constitucionalmente: uma análise da evolução internacional e nacional do direito à educação e do seu exercício efetivo pelos cidadãos brasileiros
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2023-12
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Leonezi, Nicolas Ferrari
Orientador
Gioia, Fulvia Helena De
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Resumo
Este trabalho se concentra em explorar o direito à educação tutelado
constitucionalmente e a sua aplicação prática atualmente tendo em vista, principalmente, o
aspecto da qualidade de ensino. É senso comum que a educação pública brasileira padece de
um grave problema que a precarização, o sucateamento, o abandono estatal e o constante
desmonte, sendo que tais situações problemáticas são consideradas por muitos um projeto
político do Estado. No entanto, este estudo não se baseia no senso comum, mas procura
abordar o assunto a partir de estatísticas divulgadas pelo Estado a partir de médias aferidas
por meio do Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (Ideb) e do Exame Nacional do
Ensino Médio (Enem), conforme informações apuradas pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e
Pesquisas Educacionais “Anísio Teixeira” (Inep), em relação ao desempenho dos estudantes
da educação básica ofertada pela rede pública de ensino, incluindo alunos dos anos iniciais
(1º ao 5º ano) e finais (6º ao 9º ano) do Ensino Fundamental e os alunos do Ensino Médio.
Antes, contudo, de nos debruçarmos sobre os dados aferidos pelo Ideb e Enem, o trabalho
mapeia de que forma o direito à educação foi positivado no âmbito internacional e nacional ao
longo dos anos, incluindo, desse modo, uma análise histórica e legislativa, sendo que, no que
concerne aos estudos legislativos, foram consideradas todas as constituições brasileiras
promulgadas até então, bem como a legislação infraconstitucional que diz respeito ao direito à
educação no Brasil. A partir desse estudo histórico, legislativos e estatístico, é possível
observar de que forma o direito à educação se tornou um direito de todos internacionalmente,
bem como de que modo foi e está atualmente positivado no Brasil, além de verificar se tal
direito está sendo plenamente exercido pelos cidadãos brasileiros.
This work focuses on exploring the constitutionally protected right to education and its practical application today, mainly considering the aspect of teaching quality. It is common sense that Brazilian public education suffers from a serious problem that is precariousness, scrapping, state abandonment and constant dismantling, and such problematic situations are considered by many to be a political project of the State. However, this study is not based on common sense, but seeks to approach the subject based on statistics released by the State based on averages measured through the Basic Education Development Index (Ideb) and the National Secondary Education Examination (Enem ), according to information collected by the National Institute of Educational Studies and Research “Anísio Teixeira” (Inep), in relation to the performance of students in basic education offered by the public education network, including students in the initial years (1st to 5th year) and final years (6th to 9th year) of Elementary School and High School students. Before, however, we look at the data measured by Ideb and Enem, the work maps how the right to education has been positive at the international and national level over the years, thus including a historical and legislative analysis, being that, with regard to legislative studies, all Brazilian constitutions promulgated until then were considered, as well as infra-constitutional legislation that concerns the right to education in Brazil. From this historical, legislative and statistical study, it is possible to observe how the right to education has become a right for everyone internationally, as well as how it has been and is currently positive in Brazil, in addition to verifying whether this right is being fully exercised by Brazilian citizens.
This work focuses on exploring the constitutionally protected right to education and its practical application today, mainly considering the aspect of teaching quality. It is common sense that Brazilian public education suffers from a serious problem that is precariousness, scrapping, state abandonment and constant dismantling, and such problematic situations are considered by many to be a political project of the State. However, this study is not based on common sense, but seeks to approach the subject based on statistics released by the State based on averages measured through the Basic Education Development Index (Ideb) and the National Secondary Education Examination (Enem ), according to information collected by the National Institute of Educational Studies and Research “Anísio Teixeira” (Inep), in relation to the performance of students in basic education offered by the public education network, including students in the initial years (1st to 5th year) and final years (6th to 9th year) of Elementary School and High School students. Before, however, we look at the data measured by Ideb and Enem, the work maps how the right to education has been positive at the international and national level over the years, thus including a historical and legislative analysis, being that, with regard to legislative studies, all Brazilian constitutions promulgated until then were considered, as well as infra-constitutional legislation that concerns the right to education in Brazil. From this historical, legislative and statistical study, it is possible to observe how the right to education has become a right for everyone internationally, as well as how it has been and is currently positive in Brazil, in addition to verifying whether this right is being fully exercised by Brazilian citizens.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
direito constitucional , direito educacional , educação brasileira , padrão mínimo de qualidade