O direito universal à saúde e os obstáculos impostos pelo Estado e pelos planos de saúde ao seu pleno exercício : a judicialização como forma de enfrentamento
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2022
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Barreto, Daniela Medeiros de Castro
Orientador
Bueno, José Geraldo Romanello
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Membros da banca
Programa
Resumo
Este trabalho teve por objetivo o estudo sobre práticas e ações do Estado e da iniciativa privada
que atuam como obstáculos para o pleno exercício do direito universal à saúde. Inicialmente,
buscou-se demonstrar as conquistas e as garantias obtidas através dos tratados internacionais
bem como pela Constituição Federal quanto à saúde como direito fundamental e, então, apontar
não só práticas abusivas dos planos de saúde, mas também o próprio Estado como um agente
promotor de desigualdade, com dispositivos legais injustos somados à sua inércia em atualizar
as listas de doenças ou procedimentos que compõem os róis legais. Ainda, como que, ao não
coibir com o rigor necessário abusos do setor privado, afeta-se o sistema judiciário com o
aumento crescente no número de judicializações. Somando-se a isso, o Estado não tem políticas
públicas voltadas para pacientes com várias enfermidades, os quais se encontram
completamente desassistidos, tendo seus direitos à saúde e a uma vida digna preteridos. Foi
feita pesquisa qualitativa, hipotético-dedutiva, consulta das leis que versam sobre o tema,
estudos comparativos entre legislações que protegem portadores de doenças raras e entrevistas
com representantes das associações de pacientes, além de consulta à doutrina, à jurisprudência,
a artigos e a trabalhos acadêmicos. Concluímos que, no Brasil, os princípios de universalidade
da saúde e de isonomia são completamente descumpridos no que tange, principalmente, à
minoria dos pacientes com doenças raras. Não existem políticas públicas e nem leis que
garantam o necessário para proteger portadores de certas doenças graves. Muitos pacientes e
seus familiares encontram-se assim, desassistidos pelo Estado e pelos planos e seguros de
saúde. Faz-se necessário um despertar do Direito para esta questão, em defesa das necessidades
destes que estão relegados ao abandono e à humilhação, já não bastasse o sofrimento que sua
própria condição lhes impõe.
This work aims to study the practices and actions of the State and the private sector that act as obstacles to the full exercise of the universal right to health. Initially, we sought to demonstrate the achievements and guarantees obtained through international treaties as well as the Federal Constitution regarding health as a fundamental right and then, to point out not only abusive practices of health plans, but also the State itself as an agent promoting inequality, with unfair legal provisions added to its inertia in updating the lists of diseases or procedures that make up the legal lists. Yet, as it does not rigorously curb abuses by the private sector, it affects the judiciary with the increasing number of judicializations. In addition, the State does not have public policies aimed at patients with various diseases, who are completely unattended and their rights to health and a dignified life are neglected. Qualitative, hypothetical-deductive research was carried out, consultation of laws that deal with the subject, comparative studies between legislations that protect patients with rare diseases and interviews with representatives of patient associations, as well as consultation of doctrine, jurisprudence, articles and academic works. We conclude that in Brazil, the principles of universality of health and isonomy are completely disregarded, mainly regarding the minority of patients with rare diseases. There are no public policies or laws that guarantee what is necessary to protect people with certain serious diseases. Many patients and their families are thus unassisted by the State and by health plans and insurance. It is necessary to awaken the Law to this issue, in defense of the needs of those who are relegated to abandonment and humiliation, if the suffering that their own condition imposes on them was not enough.
This work aims to study the practices and actions of the State and the private sector that act as obstacles to the full exercise of the universal right to health. Initially, we sought to demonstrate the achievements and guarantees obtained through international treaties as well as the Federal Constitution regarding health as a fundamental right and then, to point out not only abusive practices of health plans, but also the State itself as an agent promoting inequality, with unfair legal provisions added to its inertia in updating the lists of diseases or procedures that make up the legal lists. Yet, as it does not rigorously curb abuses by the private sector, it affects the judiciary with the increasing number of judicializations. In addition, the State does not have public policies aimed at patients with various diseases, who are completely unattended and their rights to health and a dignified life are neglected. Qualitative, hypothetical-deductive research was carried out, consultation of laws that deal with the subject, comparative studies between legislations that protect patients with rare diseases and interviews with representatives of patient associations, as well as consultation of doctrine, jurisprudence, articles and academic works. We conclude that in Brazil, the principles of universality of health and isonomy are completely disregarded, mainly regarding the minority of patients with rare diseases. There are no public policies or laws that guarantee what is necessary to protect people with certain serious diseases. Many patients and their families are thus unassisted by the State and by health plans and insurance. It is necessary to awaken the Law to this issue, in defense of the needs of those who are relegated to abandonment and humiliation, if the suffering that their own condition imposes on them was not enough.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
direto à saúde , cláusulas abusivas , rol da ANS , doenças raras , right to healthcare , abusive clauses , ANS role , rare diseases