O direito de retirada de sócios e acionistas após a inclusão de cláusula compromissória nos instrumentos de constituição de sociedades anônimas e limitadas
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TCC
Date
2022-06
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Authors
Souza, Rebeca Beatriz Ferro de
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Vasconcelos, Ronaldo
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Abstract
Tendo em vista a crise do processo e a falha no sistema judicial brasileiro em garantir a
celeridade processual, o acesso à justiça e a segurança jurídica, a utilização de meios
alternativos de solução de litígios tem sido cada dia mais recorrente, sendo a arbitragem um
desses meios. Uma vez que a opção pela utilização da arbitragem pode ser inserida nos contratos
de instituição de sociedade, este trabalho tem por objetivo discutir algumas consequências da
inclusão de cláusulas compromissórias nos contratos e estatutos sociais, principalmente a
possibilidade do exercício do direito de recesso. Para discorrer sobre o assunto, serão
apresentadas análises interdisciplinares das várias áreas do Direito Civil, Societário e também
o Direito Constitucional. Para que seja incluída a cláusula compromissória em um estatuto ou
contrato social, é necessário que haja a convocação de assembleia para que os sócios ou
acionistas deliberem e decidam, respeitados os quóruns estabelecidos para cada tipo societário.
Tanto no caso das sociedades anônimas, quanto no caso das sociedades limitadas, o exercício
do direito de retirada é possível, contudo, os fundamentos são divergentes. Finalizado o estudo,
conclui-se que a inclusão da cláusula compromissória nos estatutos e contratos sociais, tem sido
cada vez mais recorrente e que há a possibilidade de retirarem-se da sociedade aqueles sócios
que não desejam vincular-se a ela, optando pela submissão dos litígios que envolvem a
sociedade ao juízo arbitral e não ao Judiciário.
In view of the crisis of the process and the failure of the Brazilian judicial system to guarantee procedural celerity, access to justice and legal certainty, the use of alternative means of resolving disputes has been increasingly recurrent, with arbitration being one of these means. Since the option for the use of arbitration can be inserted in the partnership institution contracts, this work aims to discuss some consequences of the inclusion of arbitration clauses in the contracts and articles of association, mainly the possibility of exercising the right of withdrawal. To discuss the subject, interdisciplinary analyzes of the various areas of Civil Law, Corporate Law and also Constitutional Law will be presented. For the arbitration clause to be included in a statute or articles of association, a meeting must be called for the partners or shareholders to deliberate and decide, respecting the quorums established for each type of company. Both in the case of corporations and limited liability companies, the exercise of the right of withdrawal is possible, however, the grounds are different. At the end of the study, it is concluded that the inclusion of the arbitration clause in the articles of association and articles of association has been increasingly recurrent and that there is the possibility of withdrawing from the company those partners who do not wish to be bound by it, opting for submission of disputes involving society to the arbitration court and not to the Judiciary.
In view of the crisis of the process and the failure of the Brazilian judicial system to guarantee procedural celerity, access to justice and legal certainty, the use of alternative means of resolving disputes has been increasingly recurrent, with arbitration being one of these means. Since the option for the use of arbitration can be inserted in the partnership institution contracts, this work aims to discuss some consequences of the inclusion of arbitration clauses in the contracts and articles of association, mainly the possibility of exercising the right of withdrawal. To discuss the subject, interdisciplinary analyzes of the various areas of Civil Law, Corporate Law and also Constitutional Law will be presented. For the arbitration clause to be included in a statute or articles of association, a meeting must be called for the partners or shareholders to deliberate and decide, respecting the quorums established for each type of company. Both in the case of corporations and limited liability companies, the exercise of the right of withdrawal is possible, however, the grounds are different. At the end of the study, it is concluded that the inclusion of the arbitration clause in the articles of association and articles of association has been increasingly recurrent and that there is the possibility of withdrawing from the company those partners who do not wish to be bound by it, opting for submission of disputes involving society to the arbitration court and not to the Judiciary.
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Keywords
arbitragem , autonomia da vontade , cláusula compromissória , sociedade anônima , arbitration , autonomy of the will , compromise clause , anonymous society