Responsabilidade civil pré-contratual: a natureza jurídica do instituto da culpa in contrahendo e sua repercussão nas decisões judiciais brasileiras
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2020-12
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Amaral, Beatriz Cabral do
Orientador
Bdine Junior, Hamid Charaf
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ISSN da Revista
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Resumo
Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a natureza da responsabilidade civil verificada
na fase pré-contratual das tratativas (culpa in contrahendo), em virtude da divergência
doutrinária acerca da matéria e seus reflexos nas decisões judiciais dos Tribunais brasileiros, a
ensejar, portanto, insegurança jurídica. Para tanto, foi utilizado o método de pesquisa voltada à
análise doutrinária, legislativa e jurisprudencial. Feitas as considerações relativas aos elementos
do direito contratual e da teoria geral da responsabilidade civil, de extrema relevância para se
delimitar e embasar o objeto de estudo, passou o trabalho a examinar o instituto da
responsabilidade civil pré-contratual. Verificou-se, então, que o entendimento predominante na
doutrina brasileira é pela atribuição da natureza extracontratual, enquanto as decisões judiciais
majoritariamente aplicam as regras pertinentes à natureza contratual. Concluiu-se, no entanto,
que a solução intermediária acatada por pequena parte da doutrina e da jurisprudência –
natureza sui generis – é a ideal para se harmonizar a questão, diante das peculiaridades da
responsabilidade civil pré-contratual que inviabilizam o emprego da classificação dicotômica
clássica (contratual e extracontratual).
This work aims to study the legal nature of civil liability of the party who breaks off contract-negotiations (culpa in contrahendo), because of the doctrine disagreement about this matter and its influence over Brazilian Courts’ judicial decision making, causing, therefore, legal uncertainty. Thus, it was used the research technique focused on doctrinal, legislative and jurisprudential analysis. Once made some considerations regarding the elements of the contract law and also the elements of the theory of civil liability, which are extremely relevant to delimit and give support to the object of this study, this work then examined the pre-contractual liability. It was verified afterward that the predominant understanding of Brazilian doctrine is the attribuition of the non-contractual nature, whilst the majority of the judge-made laws applies rules concerning the contractual nature. However, this work came to the conclusion that a intermediary solution followed by only small part of the doctrine and courts – a sui generis nature – is the ideal one to bring harmony to the matter given the singularity of the pre contractual liability, once its traits prevent the usage of the classic dichotomous classification (contractual and non-contractual).
This work aims to study the legal nature of civil liability of the party who breaks off contract-negotiations (culpa in contrahendo), because of the doctrine disagreement about this matter and its influence over Brazilian Courts’ judicial decision making, causing, therefore, legal uncertainty. Thus, it was used the research technique focused on doctrinal, legislative and jurisprudential analysis. Once made some considerations regarding the elements of the contract law and also the elements of the theory of civil liability, which are extremely relevant to delimit and give support to the object of this study, this work then examined the pre-contractual liability. It was verified afterward that the predominant understanding of Brazilian doctrine is the attribuition of the non-contractual nature, whilst the majority of the judge-made laws applies rules concerning the contractual nature. However, this work came to the conclusion that a intermediary solution followed by only small part of the doctrine and courts – a sui generis nature – is the ideal one to bring harmony to the matter given the singularity of the pre contractual liability, once its traits prevent the usage of the classic dichotomous classification (contractual and non-contractual).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
responsabilidade civil , fase pré-contratual , natureza jurídica , divergência doutrinária , civil liability , pre-contractual phase , legal nature , doctrinal disagreement