O reflexo do voto obrigatório na escolha de representantes políticos no Brasil
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Tipo
Relatório de Pesquisa
Data de publicação
2022-05
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Magalhães, Larissa Carneiro Reis
Orientador
Lorencini, Bruno César
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Resumo
A princípio esse presente trabalho irá discutir em seu decorrer sobre a complexidade do voto obrigatório, suas origens, justificativas de adoção e seu reflexo para a escolha de representantes políticos e formação do cenário de debate no Brasil. Além de desenvolver a tese sobre a possível aplicabilidade do voto facultativo como seu substituto e os processos e consequências disso para o sistema eleitoral brasileiro.
Com isso a metodologia utilizada para a concretização deste artigo científico foi o método dedutivo, que visa a elaboração de argumentos particulares a partir de argumentos gerais, utilizando-se para isso meios diversos, como consulta a livros e legislações, pesquisa na internet, pesquisas bibliográficas, de dados e em direito comparado.
Além do mais, o presente trabalho será dividido em três grandes temas a serem detalhados. O primeiro deles é um referencial histórico de como surgiu o direito ao voto e em quais cenários políticos e sociais ele esteve inserido com maior participação popular, abrangendo nesse tema, ideais como formação do Estado democrático, soberania popular e participação popular eleitoral.
O segundo deles dará início aos discursos sobre as modalidades de voto empregado pelo mundo, aqui adentrando sobre o voto obrigatório e facultativo a partir de uma análise conceitual e de direito comparado, além de debater a apresentação de dados colhidos a partir de pesquisas dos órgãos públicos e pesquisas populares realizadas, respectivamente, pelo Tribunal Superior Eleitoral e o Congresso Nacional.
E, por fim, um último período caracterizado pela análise do atual estágio do processo eleitoral no Brasil, a fim de debater uma possível implementação do voto facultativo, uma vez sendo a Constituição do país estritamente ligada aos princípios de soberania popular, democracia e cidadania. Além de não estabelecer entre suas cláusulas pétreas o voto obrigatório, abrindo-se, portanto, a possibilidade de adoção por meio de Emenda Constitucional. E por assim conclui a análise do reflexo do voto obrigatório para a escolha de representantes políticos e as consequências disso para o atual e futuro cenário político-social brasileiro.
At first, this present work will discuss in its course the complexity of mandatory voting, its origins, justifications for adoption and its reflection on the choice of political representatives and formation of the scenario of debate in Brazil. In addition to developing the thesis on the possible applicability of the optional vote as its substitute and the processes and consequences of this for the Brazilian electoral system. Thus, the methodology used for the realization of this scientific article was the deductive method, which emphasizes the elaboration of particular arguments from general arguments, using different means, such as consulting books and legislation, internet research, bibliographic research. , data and comparative law. Furthermore, this work will be divided into three major themes to be detailed. The first is a historical reference of how the right to vote emerged and in which political and social scenarios it was inserted with greater popular participation, covering ideals such as formation of the democratic state, popular sovereignty and popular electoral participation in this theme. The second of them will initiate speeches about the modalities of voting used by the world, here going into the mandatory and optional vote from a conceptual analysis and comparative law, in addition to debating the presentation of data collected from research by public agencies and popular polls carried out respectively, by the Superior Electoral Court and the National Congress. And finally, a last period characterized by the analysis of the current stage of the electoral process in Brazil, in order to debate a possible implementation of the optional vote, since the country's Constitution is strictly linked to the principles of popular sovereignty, democracy and citizenship. In addition to not establishing among its stony clauses the mandatory vote, opening, therefore, the possibility of adoption by means of a Constitutional Amendment. And so it concludes the analysis of the reflex of mandatory voting for the choice of political representatives and consequences of this for the current and future Brazilian political and social scenario.
At first, this present work will discuss in its course the complexity of mandatory voting, its origins, justifications for adoption and its reflection on the choice of political representatives and formation of the scenario of debate in Brazil. In addition to developing the thesis on the possible applicability of the optional vote as its substitute and the processes and consequences of this for the Brazilian electoral system. Thus, the methodology used for the realization of this scientific article was the deductive method, which emphasizes the elaboration of particular arguments from general arguments, using different means, such as consulting books and legislation, internet research, bibliographic research. , data and comparative law. Furthermore, this work will be divided into three major themes to be detailed. The first is a historical reference of how the right to vote emerged and in which political and social scenarios it was inserted with greater popular participation, covering ideals such as formation of the democratic state, popular sovereignty and popular electoral participation in this theme. The second of them will initiate speeches about the modalities of voting used by the world, here going into the mandatory and optional vote from a conceptual analysis and comparative law, in addition to debating the presentation of data collected from research by public agencies and popular polls carried out respectively, by the Superior Electoral Court and the National Congress. And finally, a last period characterized by the analysis of the current stage of the electoral process in Brazil, in order to debate a possible implementation of the optional vote, since the country's Constitution is strictly linked to the principles of popular sovereignty, democracy and citizenship. In addition to not establishing among its stony clauses the mandatory vote, opening, therefore, the possibility of adoption by means of a Constitutional Amendment. And so it concludes the analysis of the reflex of mandatory voting for the choice of political representatives and consequences of this for the current and future Brazilian political and social scenario.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
voto , democracia , obrigatório , facultativo , liberdade , direitos , vote , democracy , mandatory , optional , freedom , rights