Ecos do caribe: o impacto da revolução haitiana e seu constitucionalismo no Brasil
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2024-06
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Souza, Gustavo Alves Praxedes de
Orientador
Vellozo, Júlio César de Oliveira
Título da Revista
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Resumo
O presente trabalho aborda a influência da Revolução do Haiti na construção dos
Estados-nação na América, com foco especial no Brasil. O autor investiga a importância da
Revolução do Haiti na história e seu impacto sociopolítico e jurídico, destacando a
reviravolta que o evento representou na época.
O trabalho começa com uma análise da Revolução do Haiti, enfatizando a resistência dos
escravizados e a estratificação social em São Domingos, onde a cor da pele era um marcador
político significativo. O autor descreve as etapas do processo de descolonização do Haiti,
desde a luta dos colonos franceses por autonomia política até a rebelião escrava organizada
que visava a independência e o fim da escravidão. A influência das ideias iluministas e da
Revolução Francesa é discutida, assim como a concessão limitada de direitos de cidadania
aos não brancos livres.
O trabalho prossegue detalhando a tomada do poder em São Domingos após a insurreição de
Bouckman e a emergência de Toussaint Louverture como figura central da Revolução. A
Assembleia Constituinte na França e a abolição da escravidão são mencionadas, assim como
a formação de um exército de escravos fugitivos.
O constitucionalismo haitiano pós-revolução é analisado através das primeiras constituições
do Haiti, com destaque para a constituição de 1801 convocada por Toussaint Louverture e a
Constituição de 1805 promulgada por Jean Jacques Dessalines. O autor discute a
ressignificação dos princípios de liberdade e igualdade, a introdução de um novo conceito de
sujeito de direito e a reafirmação da igualdade legal entre os haitianos.
O trabalho também examina a influência da Revolução Haitiana na modernidade e no
constitucionalismo, destacando a criação de um Estado que desafiou as normas raciais da
época e a introdução de um novo conceito de sujeito de direito. A obra "Hegel e o Haiti" de
Susan Buck-Morss é utilizada para discutir a dialética entre senhor e escravo e o impacto da
Revolução Haitiana na Europa e nas Américas.
No contexto brasileiro, o autor analisa a primeira Assembleia Constituinte e a Constituição
de 1824, que concedeu direitos políticos a negros libertos e ex-escravos, mas manteve uma
estrutura jurídico-política que inseria os libertos na lógica escravista. A hipótese levantada é
que os direitos e garantias concedidos eram a consubstanciação do pacto dos
livres/proprietários contra os escravos.
O último capítulo reitera a importância da Revolução Haitiana como um evento que desafiou
as estruturas coloniais e inspirou movimentos de libertação em outras colônias. A pesquisa
conclui que a Revolução do Haiti foi um evento de profunda transformação social e política
que influenciou a formação dos Estados-nação na América, especialmente o Brasil, em suas
práticas jurídicas e políticas.
This paper addresses the influence of the Haitian Revolution on the construction of nation states in America, with a special focus on Brazil. The author investigates the importance of the Haitian Revolution in history and its sociopolitical and legal impact, highlighting the turnaround that the event represented at the time. The work begins with an analysis of the Haitian Revolution, emphasizing the resistance of the enslaved and the social stratification in Saint-Domingue, where skin color was a significant political marker. The author describes the stages of Haiti's decolonization process, from the French settlers' fight for political autonomy to the organized slave rebellion aimed at independence and the end of slavery. The influence of Enlightenment ideas and the French Revolution is discussed, as well as the limited granting of citizenship rights to free non whites. The work proceeds by detailing the seizure of power in Saint-Domingue after Bouckman's insurrection and the emergence of Toussaint Louverture as a central figure of the Revolution. The Constituent Assembly in France and the abolition of slavery are mentioned, as well as the formation of an army of runaway slaves. The post-revolution Haitian constitutionalism is analyzed through Haiti's first constitutions, with emphasis on the 1801 constitution convened by Toussaint Louverture and the 1805 Constitution promulgated by Jean Jacques Dessalines. The author discusses the redefinition of the principles of freedom and equality, the introduction of a new concept of legal subject, and the reaffirmation of legal equality among Haitians. The work also examines the influence of the Haitian Revolution on modernity and constitutionalism, highlighting the creation of a state that challenged the racial norms of the time and the introduction of a new concept of legal subject. Susan Buck-Morss's work "Hegel and Haiti" is used to discuss the dialectic between master and slave and the impact of the Haitian Revolution in Europe and the Americas. In the Brazilian context, the author analyzes the first Constituent Assembly and the Constitution of 1824, which granted political rights to freed blacks and former slaves, but maintained a legal-political structure that inserted the freedmen into the logic of slavery. The hypothesis raised is that the rights and guarantees granted were the embodiment of the pact of the free/owners against the slaves. The last chapter reiterates the importance of the Haitian Revolution as an event that challenged colonial structures and inspired liberation movements in other colonies. The research concludes that the Haitian Revolution was an event of profound social and political transformation that influenced the formation of nation-states in America, especially Brazil, in their legal and political practices.
This paper addresses the influence of the Haitian Revolution on the construction of nation states in America, with a special focus on Brazil. The author investigates the importance of the Haitian Revolution in history and its sociopolitical and legal impact, highlighting the turnaround that the event represented at the time. The work begins with an analysis of the Haitian Revolution, emphasizing the resistance of the enslaved and the social stratification in Saint-Domingue, where skin color was a significant political marker. The author describes the stages of Haiti's decolonization process, from the French settlers' fight for political autonomy to the organized slave rebellion aimed at independence and the end of slavery. The influence of Enlightenment ideas and the French Revolution is discussed, as well as the limited granting of citizenship rights to free non whites. The work proceeds by detailing the seizure of power in Saint-Domingue after Bouckman's insurrection and the emergence of Toussaint Louverture as a central figure of the Revolution. The Constituent Assembly in France and the abolition of slavery are mentioned, as well as the formation of an army of runaway slaves. The post-revolution Haitian constitutionalism is analyzed through Haiti's first constitutions, with emphasis on the 1801 constitution convened by Toussaint Louverture and the 1805 Constitution promulgated by Jean Jacques Dessalines. The author discusses the redefinition of the principles of freedom and equality, the introduction of a new concept of legal subject, and the reaffirmation of legal equality among Haitians. The work also examines the influence of the Haitian Revolution on modernity and constitutionalism, highlighting the creation of a state that challenged the racial norms of the time and the introduction of a new concept of legal subject. Susan Buck-Morss's work "Hegel and Haiti" is used to discuss the dialectic between master and slave and the impact of the Haitian Revolution in Europe and the Americas. In the Brazilian context, the author analyzes the first Constituent Assembly and the Constitution of 1824, which granted political rights to freed blacks and former slaves, but maintained a legal-political structure that inserted the freedmen into the logic of slavery. The hypothesis raised is that the rights and guarantees granted were the embodiment of the pact of the free/owners against the slaves. The last chapter reiterates the importance of the Haitian Revolution as an event that challenged colonial structures and inspired liberation movements in other colonies. The research concludes that the Haitian Revolution was an event of profound social and political transformation that influenced the formation of nation-states in America, especially Brazil, in their legal and political practices.
Descrição
Trabalho indicado pela banca examinadora ao Prêmio TCC
Palavras-chave
revolução do Haiti , constitucionalismo , escravidão , abolicionismo , Haitian revolution , constitutionalism , slavery , abolitionism