A morte medicamente assistida à luz da Constituição Federal: uma reflexão sobre autonomia e dignidade
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2022-12
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Souza, Gabriela Rabello de
Orientador
Avelino, Pedro Buck
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O presente artigo propõe uma reflexão da morte medicamente assistida à luz da Constituição Federal a partir dos princípios da dignidade humana e autonomia da vontade diante do conflito com o direito fundamental à vida. Para tal, fez-se necessário o entendimento normativo da eutanásia e do suicídio assistido no Brasil, expondo a relação de projetos de lei que tratam do assunto no país e, como fator comparativo fomentando a discussão, entender o cenário da eutanásia na Colômbia, primeiro país da América Latina a regulamentar a prática e fazer dela uma garantia fundamental. A reflexão deste estudo pautou-se no entendimento firmado pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal no âmbito da Arguição de Descumprimento de Preceito Fundamental 54, por tratar-se de um tema em que há colisão dos princípios da dignidade humana e autonomia da vontade em face do direito fundamental à vida, assim como no caso da discussão a respeito da morte assistida. A metodologia consistiu em uma pesquisa bibliográfica documental com consultas a obras e artigos científicos, jurídicos e não-jurídicos, além da legislação publicada no Portal da Legislação do Planalto e dos projetos de lei na plataforma unificada do Congresso Nacional. Deste modo, a partir da ponderação das garantias fundamentais apresentadas, verificou-se um cenário conflitante entre os direitos fundamentais e a criminalização das práticas que culminam na eutanásia e no suicídio assistido em território brasileiro, o que configura lesão aos preceitos fundamentais da dignidade humana e autonomia da vontade.
This article proposes a reflection on medically assisted death in light of the Federal Constitution based on the principles of human dignity and autonomy of will in face of the fundamental right to life. To this end, it was necessary to have a normative understanding of euthanasia and assisted suicide in Brazil, exposing the list of bills that deal with the subject in the country and, as a comparative factor promoting the discussion, understanding the scenario of euthanasia in Colombia, first Latin American country to regulate the practice and make it a fundamental guarantee. The reflection of this study was based on the understanding signed by the Federal Supreme Court in the scope of the Argument of Noncompliance with Fundamental Precept 54, as it is a topic in which there is a collision of the principles of human dignity and autonomy of the will in the face of the fundamental right to life, as well as in the case of the discussion about assisted death. The methodology consisted of a documentary bibliographic research with consultations to scientific, legal and non-legal works and articles, in addition to the legislation published on the Planalto Legislation Portal and the bills on the unified platform of the National Congress. Thus, from the consideration of the fundamental guarantees presented, there was a conflicting scenario between fundamental rights and the criminalization of practices that culminate in euthanasia and assisted suicide in Brazilian territory, which constitutes damage to the fundamental precepts of human dignity and autonomy of will.
This article proposes a reflection on medically assisted death in light of the Federal Constitution based on the principles of human dignity and autonomy of will in face of the fundamental right to life. To this end, it was necessary to have a normative understanding of euthanasia and assisted suicide in Brazil, exposing the list of bills that deal with the subject in the country and, as a comparative factor promoting the discussion, understanding the scenario of euthanasia in Colombia, first Latin American country to regulate the practice and make it a fundamental guarantee. The reflection of this study was based on the understanding signed by the Federal Supreme Court in the scope of the Argument of Noncompliance with Fundamental Precept 54, as it is a topic in which there is a collision of the principles of human dignity and autonomy of the will in the face of the fundamental right to life, as well as in the case of the discussion about assisted death. The methodology consisted of a documentary bibliographic research with consultations to scientific, legal and non-legal works and articles, in addition to the legislation published on the Planalto Legislation Portal and the bills on the unified platform of the National Congress. Thus, from the consideration of the fundamental guarantees presented, there was a conflicting scenario between fundamental rights and the criminalization of practices that culminate in euthanasia and assisted suicide in Brazilian territory, which constitutes damage to the fundamental precepts of human dignity and autonomy of will.
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Palavras-chave
eutanásia , suicídio assistido , autonomia , euthanasia , assisted suicide , autonomy