A teoria da imprevisão e sua aplicação aos contratos civis durante a pandemia do novo coronavírus (SARS-COV-2)
Carregando...
Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2020-06
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Andreolli, Luiz Felipe de Paula
Orientador
Gurgel, Fernanda Pessanha do Amaral
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Membros da banca
Programa
Resumo
Este Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso, apresentado no Curso de Graduação em Direito,
objetiva analisar a aplicabilidade da Teoria da Imprevisão aos contratos civis de execução
diferida, ou continuada, com a finalidade de configurar hipótese de exclusão da
responsabilidade civil, no que diz respeito ao inadimplemento das avenças outrora
entabuladas. A tese congloba o conceito e as espécies de responsabilidade civil, assim como
os elementos que possibilitam a exclusão de tal responsabilidade, considerando o
descumprimento da obrigação. É considerado, ainda, o tema dos princípios contratuais como
base da formação do negócio jurídico, explicitando-se aspectos dos contratos de execução
diferida, ou continuada, considerando os requisitos exigidos para a aplicação da Teoria da
Imprevisão a eles. Por conseguinte, são examinados os dispositivos legais que positivam a
existência e a admissibilidade da Teoria da Imprevisão, bem como são detalhadas as
interpretações doutrinárias referentes aos pressupostos de admissibilidade da aplicação da
referida teoria. Ainda, uma vez detalhados todos esses conceitos, passa-se a considerar a
possibilidade da revisão ou da resolução contratual, à luz da cláusula rebus sic stantibus, a
qual, por sua vez, permite a modificação das cláusulas acordadas entre as partes, de acordo
com as externalidades contratuais verificadas em um período pretérito à pandemia da
COVID-19. Mais adiante, é apresentada alguma jurisprudência do assunto, objetivando provar
a aplicabilidade da retórica doutrinária da Teoria da Imprevisão, diante dos contratos que
foram firmados em período anterior ao fato modificativo e que continuam em vigência,
durante a pandemia corrente. Por fim, demonstra-se a aceitação, pela maioria da
jurisprudência, da exclusão da mora contratual, a fim de afastar-se a responsabilidade da parte
inadimplente e, assim, restabelecer-se o reequilíbrio convencional, ou, em casos definidos
pela impossibilidade permanente da prestação obrigacional, de buscar-se a rescisão do
contrato.
This Final Paper, presented at the Undergraduation Course in Law, aims to analyze the applicability of the Unpredictability Theory to civil contracts of deferred, or continued execution, with the purpose of adjusting the hypothesis of exclusion of civil responsibility, in what concerns the breach of the contract once undertaken. The thesis encompasses the concept and the types of civil responsibility, as well as the elements that enable the exclusion of such responsibility, considering the nonachievement of the obligation. One broaches also the issue of the contractual principles as the basis of the formation of the legal transaction, expliciting aspects of the contracts of deferred, or continued execution, inviewing the requisites demanded for the application of the Unpredictability Theory upon them. In consequence, one examines the legal provisos that posit the existence and the admissibility of the Theory of Unprediction, as well as one discloses the doctrinal interpretations referring to the admissibility prerequisites of the applying of that theory. Yet, once detailed all those concepts, one advances to considering the possibility of the contractual review or resolution, under the light of the clause rebus sic stantibus, which, by its turn, permits the modification of the clauses agreeded between the parties, according to contractual externalities verified in a period before the pandemic caused by COVID-19. Furthermore, one presents some jurisprudence of the subject, aiming to prove the applicability of the doctrinal rhetoric of the Unpredictability Theory, before the contracts which were assigned in a period prior to the modifying fact and which remain in force, during the current pandemic. Finally, one demonstrates the acceptance, by the majority of the jurisprudence, of the exclusion of the contractual arrears, in order to remove the responsibility of the party in default and, therefore, reestablish the conventional rebalancing, or, in cases defined by the permanent impossibility of obligation provision, to search for the recision of the contract.
This Final Paper, presented at the Undergraduation Course in Law, aims to analyze the applicability of the Unpredictability Theory to civil contracts of deferred, or continued execution, with the purpose of adjusting the hypothesis of exclusion of civil responsibility, in what concerns the breach of the contract once undertaken. The thesis encompasses the concept and the types of civil responsibility, as well as the elements that enable the exclusion of such responsibility, considering the nonachievement of the obligation. One broaches also the issue of the contractual principles as the basis of the formation of the legal transaction, expliciting aspects of the contracts of deferred, or continued execution, inviewing the requisites demanded for the application of the Unpredictability Theory upon them. In consequence, one examines the legal provisos that posit the existence and the admissibility of the Theory of Unprediction, as well as one discloses the doctrinal interpretations referring to the admissibility prerequisites of the applying of that theory. Yet, once detailed all those concepts, one advances to considering the possibility of the contractual review or resolution, under the light of the clause rebus sic stantibus, which, by its turn, permits the modification of the clauses agreeded between the parties, according to contractual externalities verified in a period before the pandemic caused by COVID-19. Furthermore, one presents some jurisprudence of the subject, aiming to prove the applicability of the doctrinal rhetoric of the Unpredictability Theory, before the contracts which were assigned in a period prior to the modifying fact and which remain in force, during the current pandemic. Finally, one demonstrates the acceptance, by the majority of the jurisprudence, of the exclusion of the contractual arrears, in order to remove the responsibility of the party in default and, therefore, reestablish the conventional rebalancing, or, in cases defined by the permanent impossibility of obligation provision, to search for the recision of the contract.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
contratos civis , pandemia , responsabilidade civil , teoria da imprevisão , teoria da imprevisão , civil contracts , civil responsibility , pandemic , unpredictability theory