Responsabilidade dos pais por danos causados pelos filhos
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2023-12
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Camargo, Amanda Ramos de
Orientador
Aguirre, João Ricardo Brandao
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ISSN da Revista
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Resumo
O presente trabalho de conclusão de curso tem como objetivo abordar a transformação da responsabilidade dos pais pelos danos causados por seus filhos menores. Esta questão foi inicialmente delineada no Código Civil de 1916 sob a ótica da responsabilidade subjetiva, mas posteriormente foi reformulada como responsabilidade objetiva no Código Civil de 2002. Para uma compreensão mais abrangente desse contexto, torna-se imperativa a análise do desenvolvimento histórico global da Responsabilidade Civil, bem como sua finalidade, juntamente com o advento da modalidade objetiva.
Adiante, será apresentada a abordagem adotada pelo antigo Código Civil brasileiro e, especificamente, o dever de reparação atribuído aos pais pelos danos causados por seus filhos menores. Naquela época, a responsabilidade estava vinculada à demonstração da culpa por parte do genitor, enquanto o menor era corresponsável pelos danos causados. Além disso, este estudo evidencia a evolução da sociedade e seu empenho na efetiva proteção dos direitos das vítimas, incluindo a ampliação do conceito de Poder Familiar.
Todos esses elementos culminam na análise da responsabilidade objetiva dos pais, conforme estabelecido pelo Código Civil de 2002, que substituiu a terminologia "poder" por "autoridade parental", em seu artigo 932, inciso I, do código civil, mas não modificou a denominação “poder familiar”. Além disso, modificou a interpretação da palavra "companhia" no dispositivo legal e atribuiu a responsabilidade do menor de forma subsidiária.
The present thesis aims to address the transformation of parental responsibility for the actions of their minor children. This issue was initially outlined in the 1916 Civil Code under the framework of subjective liability but was subsequently redefined as objective liability in the 2002 Civil Code. For a comprehensive understanding of this context, an analysis of the global historical development of Civil Liability, its purpose, and the advent of the objective modality becomes imperative. Next, the approach adopted by the first Brazilian Civil Code will be presented, specifically focusing on the duty of parents to compensate for damages caused by their minor children. At that time, liability was linked to the demonstration of fault on the part of the parent, while the minor shared responsibility for the damages caused. Furthermore, this study highlights the evolution of society and its commitment to the effective protection of victims' rights, including the expansion of the concept of Parental Authority. All these elements culminate in the analysis of the objective liability of parents, as established by the Civil Code of 2002, which replaced the term "power" with "parental authority" in Article 932, paragraph I, the civil code, but did not change the denomination "parental authority." Additionally, it modified the interpretation of the word "companionship" in the legal provision and assigned the minor's responsibility in a subsidiary manner.
The present thesis aims to address the transformation of parental responsibility for the actions of their minor children. This issue was initially outlined in the 1916 Civil Code under the framework of subjective liability but was subsequently redefined as objective liability in the 2002 Civil Code. For a comprehensive understanding of this context, an analysis of the global historical development of Civil Liability, its purpose, and the advent of the objective modality becomes imperative. Next, the approach adopted by the first Brazilian Civil Code will be presented, specifically focusing on the duty of parents to compensate for damages caused by their minor children. At that time, liability was linked to the demonstration of fault on the part of the parent, while the minor shared responsibility for the damages caused. Furthermore, this study highlights the evolution of society and its commitment to the effective protection of victims' rights, including the expansion of the concept of Parental Authority. All these elements culminate in the analysis of the objective liability of parents, as established by the Civil Code of 2002, which replaced the term "power" with "parental authority" in Article 932, paragraph I, the civil code, but did not change the denomination "parental authority." Additionally, it modified the interpretation of the word "companionship" in the legal provision and assigned the minor's responsibility in a subsidiary manner.
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Palavras-chave
responsabilidade , pais , filhos menores , ato ilícito , responsibility , parents , minor children , unlawful act