Economia fluminense: a cadeia produtiva do óleo e do gás
Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2024-12-10
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Pimentel, Gabriel Ramos Pavão
Orientador
Costa, Gloria Maria Moraes da
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ISSN da Revista
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Resumo
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a importância da cadeia produtiva do petróleo e gás para o desenvolvimento econômico do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Mereceram destaque os impactos das mudanças legislativas, como o Repetro e a Lei Kandir, sobre a arrecadação estadual e o adensamento produtivo. A pesquisa insere-se no contexto da industrialização brasileira e da dependência estratégica do setor energético, ressaltando como fatores históricos e econômicos moldaram a estrutura produtiva regional. Em especial, o estudo investiga a relação entre os avanços tecnológicos, a exploração do Pré-Sal e a redistribuição de receitas oriundas de royalties. Foram também abordadas as implicações da quebra do monopólio da Petrobras e a abertura do setor petrolífero ao capital privado, situando tais transformações no âmbito das políticas neoliberais adotadas a partir das décadas de 1990 e 2000, principalmente. O trabalho também analisa a ausência de uma política integrada de desenvolvimento regional que possa potencializar os impactos positivos da exploração de petróleo e gás para a economia do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Apesar da relevância econômica do setor, a dependência da arrecadação de royalties e a falta de integração na cadeia produtiva têm limitado o potencial de desenvolvimento regional, dado que a economia fluminense sofre com um modelo caracterizado por baixa diversificação e concentração em atividades extrativas, enquanto enfrenta desafios relacionados à competitividade, volatilidade de preços e transição energética. Tais elementos evidenciam a necessidade de políticas públicas que articulem os interesses nacionais e regionais, promovam a inovação tecnológica e ampliem o papel do estado no planejamento estratégico do setor.
This paper aims to analyze the importance of the oil and gas production chain for the economic development of the state of Rio de Janeiro. The impacts of legislative changes, such as Repetro and the Kandir Law, on state revenue and production density were highlighted. The research is set in the context of Brazilian industrialization and strategic dependence on the energy sector, highlighting how historical and economic factors have shaped the regional production structure. In particular, the study investigates the relationship between technological advances, the exploration of the Pre-Salt layer, and the redistribution of revenues from royalties. The implications of the breakup of Petrobras' monopoly and the opening of the oil sector to private capital were also addressed, placing such transformations within the scope of the neoliberal policies adopted since the 1990s and 2000s, mainly. The paper also analyzes the absence of an integrated regional development policy that could enhance the positive impacts of oil and gas exploration for the economy of the state of Rio de Janeiro. Despite the economic relevance of the sector, dependence on royalties and the lack of integration in the production chain have limited the potential for regional development, given that the economy of Rio de Janeiro suffers from a model characterized by low diversification and concentration in extractive activities, while facing challenges related to competitiveness, price volatility and energy transition. These elements highlight the need for public policies that articulate national and regional interests, promote technological innovation and expand the role of the state in the strategic planning of the sector.
This paper aims to analyze the importance of the oil and gas production chain for the economic development of the state of Rio de Janeiro. The impacts of legislative changes, such as Repetro and the Kandir Law, on state revenue and production density were highlighted. The research is set in the context of Brazilian industrialization and strategic dependence on the energy sector, highlighting how historical and economic factors have shaped the regional production structure. In particular, the study investigates the relationship between technological advances, the exploration of the Pre-Salt layer, and the redistribution of revenues from royalties. The implications of the breakup of Petrobras' monopoly and the opening of the oil sector to private capital were also addressed, placing such transformations within the scope of the neoliberal policies adopted since the 1990s and 2000s, mainly. The paper also analyzes the absence of an integrated regional development policy that could enhance the positive impacts of oil and gas exploration for the economy of the state of Rio de Janeiro. Despite the economic relevance of the sector, dependence on royalties and the lack of integration in the production chain have limited the potential for regional development, given that the economy of Rio de Janeiro suffers from a model characterized by low diversification and concentration in extractive activities, while facing challenges related to competitiveness, price volatility and energy transition. These elements highlight the need for public policies that articulate national and regional interests, promote technological innovation and expand the role of the state in the strategic planning of the sector.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
petróleo , gás , economia fluminense , royalties , cadeia produtiva , oil , gas , Rio de Janeiro economy , production chain