Edifícios energeticamente eficientes: os desafios para implementação e certificação de novos edifícios de serviço no Brasil e em Portugal
Arquivos
Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2019-06
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Santos, Fabio de Oliveira
Orientador
Duro, Magda Aparecida Salgueiro
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Membros da banca
Programa
Resumo
A preocupação com os impactos causados pelas atividades antrópicas no meio ambiente é oriunda da
primeira crise energética mundial, a Crise do petróleo em 1973. Sendo a Construção Civil, um dos
setores de maior geração de resíduos e interferência no ambiente, além de representar um elevado
potencial energético seja em sua execução, operação ou manuteção, as certificações ambientais tem
grande importância na aplicação e controle destes impactos. Tendo em vista que o desenvolvimento
de um país, de forma geral, está relacionado diretamente ao seu respectivo potencial energético, tornase
essencial observar os valores e buscar alternativas para obter eficiência e otimização energética em
cada um dos mais diversos ambientes. Seja no Brasil ou em Portugal, a certificação de eficiência
energética em edificações é ainda pouco expressiva, embora seja uma das alternativas de maior
impacto tanto para fatores internos (econômico, social, entre outros) a cada um dos países, quanto
para os efeitos sobre a qualidade do ambiente. O presente trabalho busca entender melhor os entraves
que justificam a baixa adoção de certificações de eficiência energética em ambos os países. Para isso
foram estudadas as principais certificações empregadas no Brasil (Procel Edifica) e em Portugal
(SBTool), além de feita uma investigação sobre o consumo energético nos últimos anos, sobre as
normas e legislações atualmente empregadas juntamente com políticas de incentivo, e um breve
levantamento sobre o ciclo de vida das estruturas juntamente com alguns valores envolvidos e
ferramentas que potencializam o planejamento e gestão de recursos. E, a partir destas informações,
foi possível identificar que questões relacionadas à técnica empregada no processo de avaliação das
certificações estudadas, aos custos envolvidos na certificação, às legislações e normas existentes e
políticas empregadas em ambos os países apresentam alguns pontos de fragilidade e, assim, tornamse
barreiras para novos edifícios eficientes certificados. Portanto, é necessário atuar justamente sobre
estes pontos para obter em maior número estes sistemas em países como Brasil e Portugal.
Concern about the impacts caused by anthropogenic activities on the environment comes from the first world energy crisis, the Oil Crisis in 1973. Being Civil Construction, one of the sectors of greater generation of waste and interference in the environment, besides representing a high energy, whether in its execution, operation or maintenance, the environmental certifications have great importance in the application and control of these impacts. Given that the development of a country in general is directly related to its respective energy potential, it is essential to observe the values and seek alternatives to obtain energy efficiency and optimization in each of the most diverse environments. Whether in Brazil or Portugal, the certification of energy efficiency in buildings is still not very expressive, although it is one of the alternatives that has the greatest impact both for internal factors (economic, social, among others) for each country, and for the effects on the quality of the environment. The present work seeks to better understand the obstacles that justify the low adoption of energy efficiency certifications in both countries. The main certifications used in Brazil (Procel Edifica) and in Portugal (SBTool) were studied, as well as an investigation on the energy consumption in recent years, on the norms and laws currently used together with incentive policies, and a brief lifecycle survey of the structures along with some involved values and tools that potentiate the planning and management of resources. From this information, it was possible to identify which issues related to the technique used in the evaluation process of the certifications studied, the costs involved in the certification, the existing laws and standards and policies employed in both countries present some fragility points and, thus, become barriers to new, efficient, certified buildings. Therefore, it is necessary to act precisely on these points to obtain in greater number these systems in countries like Brazil and Portugal.
Concern about the impacts caused by anthropogenic activities on the environment comes from the first world energy crisis, the Oil Crisis in 1973. Being Civil Construction, one of the sectors of greater generation of waste and interference in the environment, besides representing a high energy, whether in its execution, operation or maintenance, the environmental certifications have great importance in the application and control of these impacts. Given that the development of a country in general is directly related to its respective energy potential, it is essential to observe the values and seek alternatives to obtain energy efficiency and optimization in each of the most diverse environments. Whether in Brazil or Portugal, the certification of energy efficiency in buildings is still not very expressive, although it is one of the alternatives that has the greatest impact both for internal factors (economic, social, among others) for each country, and for the effects on the quality of the environment. The present work seeks to better understand the obstacles that justify the low adoption of energy efficiency certifications in both countries. The main certifications used in Brazil (Procel Edifica) and in Portugal (SBTool) were studied, as well as an investigation on the energy consumption in recent years, on the norms and laws currently used together with incentive policies, and a brief lifecycle survey of the structures along with some involved values and tools that potentiate the planning and management of resources. From this information, it was possible to identify which issues related to the technique used in the evaluation process of the certifications studied, the costs involved in the certification, the existing laws and standards and policies employed in both countries present some fragility points and, thus, become barriers to new, efficient, certified buildings. Therefore, it is necessary to act precisely on these points to obtain in greater number these systems in countries like Brazil and Portugal.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
eficiência energética , procel edifica , SBTool , energy efficiency