Duration of face mask exposure matters: evidence from Swiss and Brazilian kindergartners’ ability to recognise emotions

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dc.contributor.authorGer E.
dc.contributor.authorManfredi M.
dc.contributor.authorOsorio A.A.C.
dc.contributor.authorRibeiro C.F.
dc.contributor.authorAlmeida A.
dc.contributor.authorGudel A.
dc.contributor.authorCalbi M.
dc.contributor.authorDaum M.M.
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-01T06:12:44Z
dc.date.available2024-05-01T06:12:44Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstract© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.Wearing facial masks became a common practice worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated (1) whether facial masks that cover adult faces affect 4- to 6-year-old children’s recognition of emotions in those faces and (2) whether the duration of children’s exposure to masks is associated with emotion recognition. We tested children from Switzerland (N = 38) and Brazil (N = 41). Brazil represented longer mask exposure due to a stricter mandate during COVID-19. Children had to choose a face displaying a specific emotion (happy, angry, or sad) when the face wore either no cover, a facial mask, or sunglasses. The longer hours of mask exposure were associated with better emotion recognition. Controlling for the hours of exposure, children were less likely to recognise emotions in partially hideen faces. Moreover, Brazilian children were more accurate in recognising happy faces than Swiss children. Overall, facial masks may negatively impact children’s emotion recognition. However, prolonged exposure appears to buffer the lack of facial cues from the nose and mouth. In conclusion, restricting facial cues due to masks may impair kindergarten children’s emotion recognition in the short run. However, it may facilitate their broader reading of facial emotional cues in the long run.
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/02699931.2024.2331795
dc.identifier.issnNone
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/38592
dc.relation.ispartofCognition and Emotion
dc.rightsAcesso Aberto
dc.subject.otherlanguageCOVID-19
dc.subject.otherlanguageEmotion recognition
dc.subject.otherlanguagefacial masks
dc.subject.otherlanguagekindergarten children
dc.subject.otherlanguagesunglasses
dc.titleDuration of face mask exposure matters: evidence from Swiss and Brazilian kindergartners’ ability to recognise emotions
dc.typeArtigo
local.scopus.citations3
local.scopus.eid2-s2.0-85189962048
local.scopus.updated2025-04-01
local.scopus.urlhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85189962048&origin=inward
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