Encalhe de cetáceos no litoral paulista
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2023-12
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Nunes, Catarina Casado
Orientador
Dall'Occo, Paola Lupianhes
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Membros da banca
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Resumo
O litoral paulista é uma área de grande relevância para a pesquisa e conservação dos cetaceos, que incluem baleias, botos e golfinhos. Estes mamíferos desempenham um papel fundamental na saúde dos ecossistemas marinhos, além de serem considerados espécies sentinelas. Entretanto, essa região litorânea também é palco de frequentes encalhes de cetaceos, tais eventos representam um desafio para os esforços de conservação devido a uma série de fatores, como o estado de decomposição dos espécimes e as limitações logísticas. As causas dos encalhes são diversas e podem incluir fatores naturais como a topografia do fund nno do mar e mudanças nas condições climáticas, bem como ações humanas resultando em colisões com embarcações, interações com petrechos de pesca e poluição sonora. Foram analisadas as ocorrências de avistamentos e encalhes de cetaceos no litoral de São Paulo entre os anos de 2020 a 2022, através de dados obtidos pelo Sistema de Informação de Monitoramento da Biota Aquática (SIMBA), relativos ao Litoral Norte, Sul e Baixada Santista. Foram pesquisadas informações como: cidade; praia; mês/ano; condição do animal; presença de óleo; interação antrópica; condição final; causa da morte; destino; sexo e estágio de desenvolvimento. Foram encontrados 1308 indivíduos de 14 espécies, sendo as mais frequentes Pontoporia blainvillei (66,2%), Sotalia guianensis (14,6%) e Megaptera novaeangliae (5,6%). Devido ao estágio de descomposição em que os animais foram encontrados, dados como espécies (10,9%), estágio de desenvolvimento (30%) e sexo (48%) não puderam ser identificados. Ilha Comprida (23%), Guarujá (11,2%) e Bertioga (10,9%) estão entre as que apresentaram os maiores números de ocorrências, enquanto Caraguatatuba (2,8%), Iguape (1,1%) e São Vicente (1,0%) apontam os menores. Apesar da quantidade de dados analisados não foi possível evidenciar o principal motivo dos encalhes.
The São Paulo coastline is an area of great importance for the research and conservation of cetaceans, including whales, dolphins, and porpoises. These marine mammals play a fundamental role in the health of marine ecosystems and are considered sentinel species. However, this coastal region is also the scene of frequent cetacean strandings, events that pose a challenge to conservation efforts due to various factors, such as the state of decomposition of specimens and logistical limitations. The causes of strandings are diverse and may include natural factors such as seafloor topography and changes in weather conditions, as well as human activities resulting in collisions with vessels, interactions with fishing gear, and noise pollution. Occurrences of cetacean sightings and strandings on the São Paulo coast were analyzed between 2020 and 2022 using data obtained from the Aquatic Biota Monitoring Information System (SIMBA), covering the Northern, Southern, and Baixada Santista coastal regions. Information such as city, beach, month/year, animal condition, presence of oil, anthropogenic interaction, final condition, cause of death, destination, sex, and developmental stage was investigated. A total of 1308 individuals from 14 species were found, with Pontoporia blainvillei (66.2%), Sotalia guianensis (14.6%), and Megaptera novaeangliae (5.6%) being the most frequent. Due to the advanced decomposition stage of the animals, data such as species (10,9 %), development stage (30%) and sex (48%) often couldn't be identified .Ilha Comprida (23%), Guarujá (11.2%), and Bertioga (10.9%) were among those with the highest numbers of occurrences, while Caraguatatuba (2.8%), Iguape (1.1%) and São Vicente (1.0%) recorded the lowest numbers. Despite the amount of data analyzed, it was not possible to identify the main cause of the strandings.
The São Paulo coastline is an area of great importance for the research and conservation of cetaceans, including whales, dolphins, and porpoises. These marine mammals play a fundamental role in the health of marine ecosystems and are considered sentinel species. However, this coastal region is also the scene of frequent cetacean strandings, events that pose a challenge to conservation efforts due to various factors, such as the state of decomposition of specimens and logistical limitations. The causes of strandings are diverse and may include natural factors such as seafloor topography and changes in weather conditions, as well as human activities resulting in collisions with vessels, interactions with fishing gear, and noise pollution. Occurrences of cetacean sightings and strandings on the São Paulo coast were analyzed between 2020 and 2022 using data obtained from the Aquatic Biota Monitoring Information System (SIMBA), covering the Northern, Southern, and Baixada Santista coastal regions. Information such as city, beach, month/year, animal condition, presence of oil, anthropogenic interaction, final condition, cause of death, destination, sex, and developmental stage was investigated. A total of 1308 individuals from 14 species were found, with Pontoporia blainvillei (66.2%), Sotalia guianensis (14.6%), and Megaptera novaeangliae (5.6%) being the most frequent. Due to the advanced decomposition stage of the animals, data such as species (10,9 %), development stage (30%) and sex (48%) often couldn't be identified .Ilha Comprida (23%), Guarujá (11.2%), and Bertioga (10.9%) were among those with the highest numbers of occurrences, while Caraguatatuba (2.8%), Iguape (1.1%) and São Vicente (1.0%) recorded the lowest numbers. Despite the amount of data analyzed, it was not possible to identify the main cause of the strandings.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
cetáceos , encalhe , litoral paulista , cetaceans , strandings , São Paulo Coast