Self-organisation and emergence in artificial life: Concepts and illustrations
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Artigo
Date
2009
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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence
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4
Authors
Munoz Y.J.
De Castro L.N.
De Castro L.N.
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Abstract
This article provides an illustrated review of artificial life as a synthetic approach to the study of behaviours, systems and organisms. The article starts with a discussion about the methodological advantages of using bottom-up, instead of top-down, approaches for the computational synthesis of natural behaviours. As an outcome of bottom-up modelling, the resulting behaviours synthesised are characterised by two fundamental properties: self-organisation and emergence. The presentation focuses on conceptualising and illustrating self-organisation and emergence in the context of artificial life for the synthesis of behaviours. Two well-known ALife projects are used to promote a discussion of some implications and contributions of ALife, namely, the simulation of collective behaviours of bird flocks; and the construction of nests by wasps. The article is concluded with a discussion of the main current trends and open problems in the field.
Description
Keywords
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Artificial Life , Bird flocks , Collective behaviour , Computational synthesis , Current trends , Fundamental properties , Open problems , Self-organisation , Synthetic approach , Topdown