Estudo da utilização de gás natural e biogás em motores de combustão espontânea ciclo diesel
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2021-06-15
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Honório, Lucca Riskala Franco
Elahmad, Yasmin Ahmad
Elahmad, Yasmin Ahmad
Orientador
Caly, José Pucci
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Resumo
Motores ciclo diesel possuem uma alta eficiência térmica e capacidade de adaptação para utilização de outros tipos de combustível sem grandes alterações no motor original. Isso o tornou viável para o uso de gás natural ou biogás no motor em mistura com o óleo diesel, na expectativa de aumentar o desempenho e reduzir as emissões de gases de escapamento que são prejudiciais ao meio ambiente. A metodologia deste trabalho tem como base a comparação de pesquisas e estudos descritivos para coleta de informações, buscando na literatura pesquisas efetuadas sobre motores convertidos e avaliar os resultados, métodos e equipamentos empregados e com isso, foram estudadas as principais vantagens e desvantagens de se utilizar bicombustível no motor ciclo diesel e seu desempenho antes e depois das mudanças feitas no motor. Foi possível encontrar resultados positivos quanto ao desempenho, custo, emissões e taxa de substituição do óleo diesel no motor bicombustível em alguns trabalhos estudados. Em todos eles, a taxa de substituição de óleo diesel por gás natural foi alta (acima de 73%) e apesar da taxa de substituição do óleo diesel pelo biogás ter sido baixa (30%) comparada à substituição por gás natural, os ensaios realizados mostraram resultados positivos no motor bicombustível, tornando viável a substituição parcial do óleo diesel.
Diesel cycle engines have high thermal efficiency and this ability enables using a mixture of diesel and to use other types of fuel without major changes in the original engine, so that an increase in natural gas or biogas in the engine performance and a reduction and harmful emissions of exhaust gases are accomplished. The methodology of this work is based on the comparison of research and descriptive studies for the collection of information. Converted engines were analyzed and main advantages and disadvantages of using biofuel in the diesel engine were documented as well as its performance before and after the changes made to the engine. It was possible to find positive results regarding the performance, cost, emissions when diesel was replaced with a mixture contain a biofuel. In all the works that were studied, the rate of substitution of diesel for natural gas was high (above 73%) and although the rate of substitution of diesel with biogas was low (30%), the tests carried out showed positive results in the bi-fuel engine, making partial replacement of diesel oil viable and desirable.
Diesel cycle engines have high thermal efficiency and this ability enables using a mixture of diesel and to use other types of fuel without major changes in the original engine, so that an increase in natural gas or biogas in the engine performance and a reduction and harmful emissions of exhaust gases are accomplished. The methodology of this work is based on the comparison of research and descriptive studies for the collection of information. Converted engines were analyzed and main advantages and disadvantages of using biofuel in the diesel engine were documented as well as its performance before and after the changes made to the engine. It was possible to find positive results regarding the performance, cost, emissions when diesel was replaced with a mixture contain a biofuel. In all the works that were studied, the rate of substitution of diesel for natural gas was high (above 73%) and although the rate of substitution of diesel with biogas was low (30%), the tests carried out showed positive results in the bi-fuel engine, making partial replacement of diesel oil viable and desirable.
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Palavras-chave
motor ciclo diesel , gás natural , biogás , diesel engine cycle , natural gas , biogas