Alterações no comportamento locomotor em modelo animal feminino no Transtorno do Espectro Autista
Carregando...
Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2024-12
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Milan, Tabata Briaunys
Orientador
Ribeiro, Miriam Oliveira
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Membros da banca
Programa
Resumo
O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é um transtorno do
neurodesenvolvimento caracterizado por déficits na comunicação e interação social,
comportamentos estereotipados e interesses restritivos. Diversos estudos sugerem
que existem maiores dificuldades em diagnosticar TEA em meninas do que em
meninos, pois elas apresentam um comportamento conhecido como “camuflagem”
que simula a socialização independentemente da idade, capacidade intelectual e
emocional. Além disso, é possível que os comportamentos do TEA em meninas não
sejam detectados nos testes de rastreio e diagnóstico, pois os testes são validados
em meninos, favorecendo o diagnóstico tardio do transtorno. Sendo assim, este
projeto teve como objetivo caracterizar o comportamento locomotor, de mobilidade e
freezing em modelo animal feminino de TEA. A hipótese é a de que a exposição ao
LPS durante o desenvolvimento embrionário leve a alterações comportamentais
compatíveis com TEA em animais do sexo feminino. Para tanto, ratas da linhagem
Wistar prenhas receberam LPS (100µg/kg P.C.) no dia 9.5 de gestação e a prole
feminina foi avaliada aos 30 e 60 dias de vida. Filhotes de ratas prenhas que
receberam salina (100µl) no dia 9,5 de gestação foram estudadas como grupo
controle. Os dados mostraram que na ausência de estímulo ambos os grupos
estudados aos 30 e 60 dias de vida não apresentaram diferenças na atividade
locomotora e no comportamento de mobilidade. No entanto, o freezing foi
significativamente maior nos animais do grupo LPS aos 60 dias de vida quando
comparados aos animais do grupo CRTL. Da mesma maneira, a atividade locomotora
e o comportamento de mobilidade foram semelhantes em ambos os grupos no teste
de reconhecimento social durantes as fases de habituação e familiarização aos 30 e
60 dias de vida, ainda sem estímulo social. Por outro lado, durante as fases de
preferência e discriminação social, quando os animais são expostos ao estímulo
social, observou-se redução significativa da atividade locomotora e do comportamento
de mobilidade dos animais do grupo LPS quando comparados aos animais do grupo
CRTL aos 30 e 60 dias de vida. Tomados em conjunto, os dados obtidos mostram que
as fêmeas do modelo de TEA exibem prejuízos sociais que levam à inibição do
comportamento motivado na presença de um estímulo social.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in communication and social interaction, stereotyped behaviors, and restricted interests. Several studies suggest that there are greater difficulties in diagnosing ASD in girls compared to boys, as girls exhibit a behavior known as “camouflage,” which simulates socialization regardless of age, intellectual, and emotional ability. Furthermore, it is possible that ASD behaviors in girls are not detected in screening and diagnostic tests, as these tests are validated in boys, leading to a delayed diagnosis of the disorder. Therefore, this project aimed to characterize locomotor behavior, mobility, and freezing in a female animal model of ASD. The hypothesis is that exposure to LPS during embryonic development leads to behavioral alterations consistent with ASD in female animals. To this end, pregnant Wistar rats were administered LPS (100 µg/kg b. w.) on gestational day 9.5, and the female offspring were evaluated at 30 and 60 days of life. Female pups from pregnant rats who received saline (100 µl) on gestational day 9.5 were studied as a control group. The data showed that in the absence of stimulation, both groups at 30 and 60 days of life showed no differences in locomotor activity or mobility behavior. However, freezing behavior was significantly higher in the LPS group at 60 days of life compared to the control group. Likewise, locomotor activity and mobility behavior were similar in both groups during the social recognition test in the habituation and familiarization phases at 30 and 60 days of life, still without social stimuli. On the other hand, during the preference and social discrimination phases, when the animals were exposed to social stimuli, there was a significant reduction in locomotor activity and mobility behavior in the LPS group compared to the control group at 30 and 60 days of life. Taken together, the data show that females in the ASD model exhibit social impairments that lead to inhibition of motivated behavior in the presence of social stimuli.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in communication and social interaction, stereotyped behaviors, and restricted interests. Several studies suggest that there are greater difficulties in diagnosing ASD in girls compared to boys, as girls exhibit a behavior known as “camouflage,” which simulates socialization regardless of age, intellectual, and emotional ability. Furthermore, it is possible that ASD behaviors in girls are not detected in screening and diagnostic tests, as these tests are validated in boys, leading to a delayed diagnosis of the disorder. Therefore, this project aimed to characterize locomotor behavior, mobility, and freezing in a female animal model of ASD. The hypothesis is that exposure to LPS during embryonic development leads to behavioral alterations consistent with ASD in female animals. To this end, pregnant Wistar rats were administered LPS (100 µg/kg b. w.) on gestational day 9.5, and the female offspring were evaluated at 30 and 60 days of life. Female pups from pregnant rats who received saline (100 µl) on gestational day 9.5 were studied as a control group. The data showed that in the absence of stimulation, both groups at 30 and 60 days of life showed no differences in locomotor activity or mobility behavior. However, freezing behavior was significantly higher in the LPS group at 60 days of life compared to the control group. Likewise, locomotor activity and mobility behavior were similar in both groups during the social recognition test in the habituation and familiarization phases at 30 and 60 days of life, still without social stimuli. On the other hand, during the preference and social discrimination phases, when the animals were exposed to social stimuli, there was a significant reduction in locomotor activity and mobility behavior in the LPS group compared to the control group at 30 and 60 days of life. Taken together, the data show that females in the ASD model exhibit social impairments that lead to inhibition of motivated behavior in the presence of social stimuli.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
TEA , LPS , ratas fêmeas , comportamento motivado , ASD , LPS , female rats , motivated behaviour