Pseudomonas aeruginosa no ambiente hospitalar: uma revisão narrativa
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2023-12
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Barbosa Junior, Henrique
Orientador
Wolff, José Luiz Caldas
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Resumo
A Pseudomonas aeruginosa é uma bactéria comum que pode ser encontrada em vários ambientes, incluindo hospitais. Esta bactéria é conhecida por causar infecções hospitalares em pacientes imunocomprometidos e pode levar a uma alta taxa de morbidade e mortalidade. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever os principais aspectos gerais da P. aeruginosa, bem como discutir as estratégias de prevenção e controle dessa infecção. No estudo, foram utilizados artigos científicos de periódicos nacionais e internacionais, com buscas nas bases de dados PubMed, Google Acadêmico e SciELO. Os termos-chave incluíram "P. aeruginosa," "infecção hospitalar," e "prevenção e controle de infecções”.
Os pontos centrais desse presente trabalho são prevenção, tratamento e riscos potenciais. Sendo assim, podemos dizer com base na pesquisa de artigos que a prevenção eficaz de infecções hospitalares por P. aeruginosa é crucial e envolve uma série de medidas, como higiene rigorosa das mãos, uso adequado de Equipamentos de Proteção Individual (EPIs) e controle de dispositivos médicos invasivos. A resistência antimicrobiana, resultado do uso excessivo de antibióticos, representa um risco potencial significativo. O diagnóstico preciso por meio de técnicas como a espectrometria de massa é fundamental para orientar o tratamento. As opções terapêuticas, como carbapenêmicos, aminoglicosídeos e quinolonas, devem ser selecionadas com base na sensibilidade da cepa isolada. Estratégias emergentes, como infusões prolongadas de antibióticos e o uso de Ceftolozane/Tazobactam, mostram eficácia contra cepas multirresistentes. Para além disso, medidas de controle de infecção, incluindo políticas de saúde e educação contínua, são essenciais para conter a disseminação da bactéria em ambientes hospitalares. A resistência crescente destaca a necessidade crítica de programas de gestão e vigilância antimicrobiana.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common bacteria that can be found in many environments, including hospitals. This bacterium is known to cause nosocomial infections in immunocompromised patients and can lead to a high rate of morbidity and mortality. The objective of this work is to describe the main general aspects of P. aeruginosa, as well as discuss prevention and control strategies for this infection. The study used scientific articles from national and international journals, with searches in the PubMed, Google Scholar and SciELO databases. Key terms included “P. aeruginosa,” “hospital infection,” and “infection prevention and control.” The central points of this work are prevention, treatment, and potential risks. Therefore, we can say based on research of articles that the effective prevention of nosocomial infections by P. aeruginosa is crucial and involves a series of measures, such as strict hand hygiene, adequate use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and control of invasive medical devices. Antimicrobial resistance, the result of overuse of antibiotics, represents a significant potential risk. Accurate diagnosis using techniques such as mass spectrometry is essential to guide treatment. Therapeutic options, such as carbapenems, aminoglycosides and quinolones, should be selected based on the sensitivity of the isolated strain. Emerging strategies, such as prolonged antibiotic infusions and the use of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam, show efficacy against multidrug-resistant strains. Furthermore, infection control measures, including health policies and ongoing education, are essential to contain the spread of the bacteria in hospital environments. Rising resistance highlights the critical need for antimicrobial stewardship and surveillance programs.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common bacteria that can be found in many environments, including hospitals. This bacterium is known to cause nosocomial infections in immunocompromised patients and can lead to a high rate of morbidity and mortality. The objective of this work is to describe the main general aspects of P. aeruginosa, as well as discuss prevention and control strategies for this infection. The study used scientific articles from national and international journals, with searches in the PubMed, Google Scholar and SciELO databases. Key terms included “P. aeruginosa,” “hospital infection,” and “infection prevention and control.” The central points of this work are prevention, treatment, and potential risks. Therefore, we can say based on research of articles that the effective prevention of nosocomial infections by P. aeruginosa is crucial and involves a series of measures, such as strict hand hygiene, adequate use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and control of invasive medical devices. Antimicrobial resistance, the result of overuse of antibiotics, represents a significant potential risk. Accurate diagnosis using techniques such as mass spectrometry is essential to guide treatment. Therapeutic options, such as carbapenems, aminoglycosides and quinolones, should be selected based on the sensitivity of the isolated strain. Emerging strategies, such as prolonged antibiotic infusions and the use of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam, show efficacy against multidrug-resistant strains. Furthermore, infection control measures, including health policies and ongoing education, are essential to contain the spread of the bacteria in hospital environments. Rising resistance highlights the critical need for antimicrobial stewardship and surveillance programs.
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Palavras-chave
saúde , hospital , infecções , pseudomonas sp , health , hospital , infections , pseudomonas sp.