High IQ May “Mask” the Diagnosis of ADHD by Compensating for Deficits in Executive Functions in Treatment-Naïve Adults With ADHD

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dc.contributor.authorMilioni A.L.V.
dc.contributor.authorChaim T.M.
dc.contributor.authorCavallet M.
dc.contributor.authorde Oliveira N.M.
dc.contributor.authorAnnes M.
dc.contributor.authordos Santos B.
dc.contributor.authorLouza M.
dc.contributor.authorda Silva M.A.
dc.contributor.authorMiguel C.S.
dc.contributor.authorSerpa M.H.
dc.contributor.authorZanetti M.V.
dc.contributor.authorBusatto G.
dc.contributor.authorCunha P.J.
dc.date.accessioned2024-03-13T00:49:45Z
dc.date.available2024-03-13T00:49:45Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.description.abstract© 2014, © The Author(s) 2014.Objective: To evaluate and compare the performance of adults with ADHD with high and standard IQ in executive functions (EF) tasks. Method: We investigated the neuropsychological performance of 51 adults with ADHD, compared with 33 healthy controls (HC) while performing a wide battery of neuropsychological tests that measure executive functioning. Adults with clinical diagnosis of ADHD were divided into two groups according to their IQ level (IQ ≥ 110—ADHD group with more elevated IQ, and IQ < 110—ADHD group with standard IQ). Results: The ADHD group with standard IQ presented a worse executive functioning compared with the HC group in the following measures: Stroop 2 (p =.000) and 3 (p =.000), Trail Making Test (TMT) B (p =.005), Wisconsin Card-Sorting Test (WCST)—perseverative errors (p =.022) and failures to maintain set (p =.020), Continuous Performance Test (CPT)—omission errors (p =.005) and commission errors (p =.000), and Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB)—conceptualization (p =.016). The ADHD group with more elevated IQ presented only impairments in the CPT—commission errors (p =.019) when compared with the control group. Conclusion: Adults with ADHD and more elevated IQ show less evidence of executive functioning deficits compared with those with ADHD and standard IQ, suggesting that a higher degree of intellectual efficiency may compensate deficits in executive functions, leading to problems in establishing a precise clinical diagnosis.
dc.description.firstpage455
dc.description.issuenumber6
dc.description.lastpage464
dc.description.volume21
dc.identifier.doi10.1177/1087054714554933
dc.identifier.issn1557-1246
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/35779
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Attention Disorders
dc.rightsAcesso Restrito
dc.subject.otherlanguageADHD
dc.subject.otherlanguageexecutive functioning
dc.subject.otherlanguageIQ
dc.titleHigh IQ May “Mask” the Diagnosis of ADHD by Compensating for Deficits in Executive Functions in Treatment-Naïve Adults With ADHD
dc.typeArtigo
local.scopus.citations37
local.scopus.eid2-s2.0-85016635569
local.scopus.subjectAdult
local.scopus.subjectAnalysis of Variance
local.scopus.subjectAttention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
local.scopus.subjectCognition
local.scopus.subjectExecutive Function
local.scopus.subjectFemale
local.scopus.subjectHumans
local.scopus.subjectInhibition (Psychology)
local.scopus.subjectIntelligence
local.scopus.subjectIntelligence Tests
local.scopus.subjectMale
local.scopus.subjectNeuropsychological Tests
local.scopus.subjectYoung Adult
local.scopus.updated2024-05-01
local.scopus.urlhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85016635569&origin=inward
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