Ionospheric disturbances in a large area of the terrestrial globe by two strong solar flares of September 6, 2017, the strongest space weather events in the last decade

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dc.contributor.authorFagundes P.R.
dc.contributor.authorPezzopane M.
dc.contributor.authorHabarulema J.B.
dc.contributor.authorVenkatesh K.
dc.contributor.authorDias M.A.L.
dc.contributor.authorTardelli A.
dc.contributor.authorde Abreu A.J.
dc.contributor.authorPillat V.G.
dc.contributor.authorPignalberi A.
dc.contributor.authorBolzan M.J.A.
dc.contributor.authorRibeiro B.A.G.
dc.contributor.authorVieira F.
dc.contributor.authorRaulin J.P.
dc.contributor.authorDenardini C.M.
dc.contributor.authorArcanjo M.O.
dc.contributor.authorSeemala G.K.
dc.date.accessioned2024-03-12T23:46:45Z
dc.date.available2024-03-12T23:46:45Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.description.abstract© 2020 COSPAROn September 6, 2017, the solar active region AR 2673 emitted two solar flares: the first at 08:57 UT (X2.2) and the second at 11:53 UT (X9.3); both were powerful enough to black-out high and low frequency radio waves (where UT is universal time). The X9.3 was the strongest solar flare event in the past decade. In this study, we took the advantage of these two extreme flare events to investigate corresponding effects on the ionosphere using multi-instrument observations from magnetometers, Global Positioning System – Total Electron content (GPS-TEC) receivers, ionosondes and Swarm satellites over a large geographical extent covering South American, African and European sectors. During the X2.2 flare, European and African sectors were sunlit and during X9.3 European, African, and South American sectors were sunlit and exposed to the solar flare radiation. During the X2.2 flare, there was an ionosonde blackout for a duration of about 45 min, while during the X9.3 flare this blackout lasted for 1 h and 30 min. The blackout are seen over a large global extent which demonstrates the severity of solar flare events in disrupting the radio communication. The horizontal component of Earth's geomagnetic field has shown ripples and enhancements during these flare events. The ionospheric Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) showed a positive phase along with an intensification of the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) over the South American and African sectors. The dynamical and physical processes associated with the TEC and EIA variabilities due to solar flare are discussed.
dc.description.firstpage1775
dc.description.issuenumber7
dc.description.lastpage1791
dc.description.volume66
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.asr.2020.06.032
dc.identifier.issn1879-1948
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/34912
dc.relation.ispartofAdvances in Space Research
dc.rightsAcesso Restrito
dc.subject.otherlanguageEIA
dc.subject.otherlanguageF-region
dc.subject.otherlanguageIonosphere
dc.subject.otherlanguageSolar flare
dc.titleIonospheric disturbances in a large area of the terrestrial globe by two strong solar flares of September 6, 2017, the strongest space weather events in the last decade
dc.typeArtigo
local.scopus.citations9
local.scopus.eid2-s2.0-85088838543
local.scopus.subjectEquatorial ionization anomalies (EIA)
local.scopus.subjectGeomagnetic fields
local.scopus.subjectIonospheric disturbance
local.scopus.subjectPhysical process
local.scopus.subjectSolar active regions
local.scopus.subjectTotal electron content
local.scopus.subjectUniversal time
local.scopus.subjectVertical total electron contents
local.scopus.updated2024-05-01
local.scopus.urlhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85088838543&origin=inward
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