Relação da variação ontogenética entre veneno e coloração caudal em Bothrops moojeni e Bothrops atrox
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2024-12
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Garcia, Letícia Naves Vieira
Orientador
Camargo , Esther Lopes Ricci
Zani, Karen de Morais
Zani, Karen de Morais
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Resumo
Das diversas espécies de serpentes existentes, a maior parte dos acidentes ofídicos
no Brasil advém do gênero Bothrops, o qual é o objeto de estudo desse trabalho,
estando presente em todo o Brasil, sendo Bothrops moojeni encontrada no Cerrado
brasileiro e Bothrops atrox na Amazônia. Ao longo da vida, as serpentes desse gênero
apresentam variações no veneno, composto principalmente de proteínas e enzimas,
o que gera diferentes sintomas em casos de picadas. Além disso, nota-se uma
variação ontogenética na alimentação das serpentes desse gênero, consumindo
presas ectotérmicas quando jovens e endotérmicas na fase adulta. As espécies
analisadas nesse trabalho apresentam uma coloração caudal mais clara quando
jovem que se modificam com o tempo, até apresentar a mesma coloração que o
restante do corpo do indivíduo. A partir da hipótese de que as mudanças
ontogenéticas do veneno estariam correlacionadas com as variações ontogenéticas
da coloração caudal de Bothrops atrox e Bothrops moojeni, por ambas as
características estarem relacionadas à alimentação. Portanto, o objetivo do trabalho
foi analisar a correlação entre esses dois fatores a partir de análises individuais do
veneno e da variação da coloração caudal, que poderia servir como um marcador
visual para o perfil funcional do veneno, potencialmente auxiliando no manejo clínico
de acidentes ofídicos. Foram analisados 23 indivíduos, sendo 10 da primeira espécie
citada anteriormente e 13 da segunda espécie, sendo elas de 3 ninhadas diferentes.
Para avaliar a composição e atividades do veneno utilizou-se a dosagem de proteínas,
a análise por SDS-PAGE, a atividade proteolítica, a atividade coagulante em plasma
humano e o perfil proteico por HPLC. Apesar de inicialmente ter-se esperado uma
relação entre a mudança do veneno e da coloração caudal por serem ambas
mudanças ontogenéticas e estarem envolvidas na alimentação, não foram
encontradas correlações significativas entre as características analisadas, sugerindo
que ambas podem ser determinadas por fatores genéticos.
Among the various snake species in Brazil, the majority of snakebites are caused by species of the genus Bothrops, which is the focus of this study. This genus is present throughout Brazil, with Bothrops moojeni found in the Brazilian Cerrado and Bothrops atrox in the Amazon. Throughout their lifespan, snakes of this genus exhibit variations in venom composition, primarily consisting of proteins and enzymes, resulting in different symptoms following envenomation. Additionally, there is an ontogenetic shift in their diet, with juvenile snakes feeding on ectothermic prey and adults on endothermic prey. The species analyzed in this study display a lighter tail coloration in juveniles, which gradually darkens over time until it matches the coloration of the rest of the body. Based on the hypothesis that ontogenetic changes in venom composition are correlated with ontogenetic variations in tail coloration in Bothrops atrox and Bothrops moojeni, as both traits are related to dietary shifts, the objective of this study was to examine the correlation between these two factors through individual analyses of venom composition and tail coloration variation. This could potentially serve as a visual marker for the venom's functional profile, aiding in the clinical management of snakebites. A total of 23 individuals were analyzed, including 10 from the former species and 13 from the latter, representing three different litters. To assess venom composition and activity, protein quantification, SDS-PAGE, proteolytic activity, coagulant activity in human plasma, and protein profiles via HPLC were employed. Although a correlation between venom variation and tail coloration was initially anticipated, as both are ontogenetic changes linked to diet, no significant correlations were found, suggesting that both traits may be genetically determined.
Among the various snake species in Brazil, the majority of snakebites are caused by species of the genus Bothrops, which is the focus of this study. This genus is present throughout Brazil, with Bothrops moojeni found in the Brazilian Cerrado and Bothrops atrox in the Amazon. Throughout their lifespan, snakes of this genus exhibit variations in venom composition, primarily consisting of proteins and enzymes, resulting in different symptoms following envenomation. Additionally, there is an ontogenetic shift in their diet, with juvenile snakes feeding on ectothermic prey and adults on endothermic prey. The species analyzed in this study display a lighter tail coloration in juveniles, which gradually darkens over time until it matches the coloration of the rest of the body. Based on the hypothesis that ontogenetic changes in venom composition are correlated with ontogenetic variations in tail coloration in Bothrops atrox and Bothrops moojeni, as both traits are related to dietary shifts, the objective of this study was to examine the correlation between these two factors through individual analyses of venom composition and tail coloration variation. This could potentially serve as a visual marker for the venom's functional profile, aiding in the clinical management of snakebites. A total of 23 individuals were analyzed, including 10 from the former species and 13 from the latter, representing three different litters. To assess venom composition and activity, protein quantification, SDS-PAGE, proteolytic activity, coagulant activity in human plasma, and protein profiles via HPLC were employed. Although a correlation between venom variation and tail coloration was initially anticipated, as both are ontogenetic changes linked to diet, no significant correlations were found, suggesting that both traits may be genetically determined.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Bothrops atrox , Bothrops moojeni , coloração caudal , composição do veneno , caudal coloration , venom composition