Abordando desafios e controvérsias na restauração de populações de peixes: o caso do Rio Tietê, SP
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2024-12
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Ribeiro , Gabriella Cardoso
Orientador
Louro , Mônica Ponz
Campanha, Paula Maria Gênova de Castro
Campanha, Paula Maria Gênova de Castro
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Resumo
O presente trabalho investigou práticas de estocagem de peixes realizadas em dois
ambientes – na bacia do Tietê (represas) através de dados obtidos por empresas
hidroelétricas, no período de 2000-2009 e para outros rios em território paulista
através de informações divulgadas pela internet, no período de 2010-2024. Para a
bacia do rio Tietê, o estudo detectou 58 eventos de estocagem (seis eventos/ano). No
total, 20.290.840 milhões alevinos foram liberados com média de 2.029.084 milhões
peixes/ano. Foram observados eventos de peixamento em todos os reservatórios do
médio e baixo rio Tietê, envolvendo seis represas e 52 municípios. A estocagem de
peixes envolveu nove táxons, todos nativos à bacia do Alto Paraná, seguindo a
normativa aprovada (Lei Nº 9.605/1998) constante no período do referido
levantamento. Pacu e curimbatá contribuíram juntas com 83,3% do total estocado,
enquanto as demais responderam por 16,7% sendo representadas pelas espécies
piapara, piracanjuba, lambaris, dourado, pintado, tabarana e jurupoca. Já com relação
ao levantamento realizado pela internet para alguns dos principais rios/tributários
existentes em território paulista, foram levantados 32 eventos com as seguintes
informações: município e corpo de água afetado pela introdução de peixes (alevinos),
sendo as espécies alvo além das nativas como pacu-guaçu, lambaris, curimbatá e
piapara, espécies não nativas como tilápias, curimba-da-lagoa e piauçu, e híbrida
como a patinga. Os principais responsáveis pela introdução foram as prefeituras locais
com a premissa de preservar/ promover a biodiversidade nativa, e mitigar impactos
prévios. Os principais resultados mostram que existe uma carência da divulgação de
dados públicos e privados e acompanhamento dessas introduções, para que seja
possível avaliar a eficácia dos peixamentos. Ademais, o método de manejo de
estocagem ainda é, na maioria das vezes, executado sem um protocolo técnico oficial,
e sem um acompanhamento rígido dessa prática pelos setores hidroelétricos e de
gestão ambiental e pesqueira.
This study investigated fish stocking practices conducted in two environments: in the Tietê Basin (reservoirs), using data obtained from hydroelectric companies for the period 2000-2009, and in other rivers within the territory of São Paulo state, based on information published online for the period 2010-2024. For the Tietê River Basin, the study identified 58 stocking events (six events per year). In total, 20,290,840 million fish were released, with an average of 2,029,084 million fish per year. Stocking events were observed in all reservoirs along the middle and lower Tietê River, involving six reservoirs and 52 municipalities. The fish stocking involved nine taxa, all native to the Upper Paraná Basin, in compliance with the regulation (Law No. 9,605/1998) in force during the period studied. Pacu and curimbatá together accounted for 83.3% of the total stocked, while the remaining 16.7% comprised species such as piapara, piracanjuba, lambaris, dourado, pintado, tabarana, and jurupoca. Regarding the survey conducted online for some of the main rivers/tributaries within São Paulo state, 32 events were identified, with information on the municipality and the waterbody affected by the introduction of fish fry. The target species included both native species, such as pacu-guaçu, lambaris, curimbatá, and piapara, and non-native species, such as tilapia, curimba-da-lagoa, and piauçu, as well as the hybrid species patinga. The main entities responsible for the introductions were local governments with the aim of preserving/promoting native biodiversity and mitigating previous impacts. The main findings indicate a lack of public and private data dissemination and monitoring of these introductions, making it difficult to assess the effectiveness of the stocking efforts. Additionally, stocking management is still, in most cases, carried out without an official technical protocol and without strict monitoring by hydroelectric sectors and environmental and fisheries management agencies.
This study investigated fish stocking practices conducted in two environments: in the Tietê Basin (reservoirs), using data obtained from hydroelectric companies for the period 2000-2009, and in other rivers within the territory of São Paulo state, based on information published online for the period 2010-2024. For the Tietê River Basin, the study identified 58 stocking events (six events per year). In total, 20,290,840 million fish were released, with an average of 2,029,084 million fish per year. Stocking events were observed in all reservoirs along the middle and lower Tietê River, involving six reservoirs and 52 municipalities. The fish stocking involved nine taxa, all native to the Upper Paraná Basin, in compliance with the regulation (Law No. 9,605/1998) in force during the period studied. Pacu and curimbatá together accounted for 83.3% of the total stocked, while the remaining 16.7% comprised species such as piapara, piracanjuba, lambaris, dourado, pintado, tabarana, and jurupoca. Regarding the survey conducted online for some of the main rivers/tributaries within São Paulo state, 32 events were identified, with information on the municipality and the waterbody affected by the introduction of fish fry. The target species included both native species, such as pacu-guaçu, lambaris, curimbatá, and piapara, and non-native species, such as tilapia, curimba-da-lagoa, and piauçu, as well as the hybrid species patinga. The main entities responsible for the introductions were local governments with the aim of preserving/promoting native biodiversity and mitigating previous impacts. The main findings indicate a lack of public and private data dissemination and monitoring of these introductions, making it difficult to assess the effectiveness of the stocking efforts. Additionally, stocking management is still, in most cases, carried out without an official technical protocol and without strict monitoring by hydroelectric sectors and environmental and fisheries management agencies.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
estocagem , soltura de peixes , monitoramento , impacto , represa , stocking , fish release , monitoring , impact , reservoir , Bacia do Alto Paraná , Upper Paraná basin