Preparative Fractionation of Brazilian Red Propolis Extract Using Step-Gradient Counter-Current Chromatography

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dc.contributor.authorLopez B.G.-C.
dc.contributor.authorMarcucci M.C.
dc.contributor.authorRocco S.A.
dc.contributor.authorSforca M.L.
dc.contributor.authorEberlin M.N.
dc.contributor.authorHewitson P.
dc.contributor.authorIgnatova S.
dc.contributor.authorSawaya A.C.H.F.
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-01T06:16:50Z
dc.date.available2024-08-01T06:16:50Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstract© 2024 by the authors.Propolis is a resinous bee product with a very complex composition, which is dependent upon the plant sources that bees visit. Due to the promising antimicrobial activities of red Brazilian propolis, it is paramount to identify the compounds responsible for it, which, in most of the cases, are not commercially available. The aim of this study was to develop a quick and clean preparative-scale methodology for preparing fractions of red propolis directly from a complex crude ethanol extract by combining the extractive capacity of counter-current chromatography (CCC) with preparative HPLC. The CCC method development included step gradient elution for the removal of waxes (which can bind to and block HPLC columns), sample injection in a single solvent to improve stationary phase stability, and a change in the mobile phase flow pattern, resulting in the loading of 2.5 g of the Brazilian red propolis crude extract on a 912.5 mL Midi CCC column. Three compounds were subsequently isolated from the concentrated fractions by preparative HPLC and identified by NMR and high-resolution MS: red pigment, retusapurpurin A; the isoflavan 3(R)-7-O-methylvestitol; and the prenylated benzophenone isomers xanthochymol/isoxanthochymol. These compounds are markers of red propolis that contribute to its therapeutic properties, and the amount isolated allows for further biological activities testing and for their use as chromatographic standards.
dc.description.issuenumber12
dc.description.volume29
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/molecules29122757
dc.identifier.issnNone
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/39043
dc.relation.ispartofMolecules
dc.rightsAcesso Aberto
dc.subject.otherlanguage3(R)-7-O-methylvestitol
dc.subject.otherlanguageinjection strategy
dc.subject.otherlanguageprenylated benzophenone isomers
dc.subject.otherlanguagepreparative fractionation
dc.subject.otherlanguageretusapurpurin A
dc.titlePreparative Fractionation of Brazilian Red Propolis Extract Using Step-Gradient Counter-Current Chromatography
dc.typeArtigo
local.scopus.citations3
local.scopus.eid2-s2.0-85197144134
local.scopus.subjectAnimals
local.scopus.subjectBees
local.scopus.subjectBrazil
local.scopus.subjectChemical Fractionation
local.scopus.subjectChromatography, High Pressure Liquid
local.scopus.subjectCountercurrent Distribution
local.scopus.subjectPropolis
local.scopus.updated2025-04-01
local.scopus.urlhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85197144134&origin=inward
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