Avaliação do desempenho das funções executivas de jovens estudantes a partir da intervenção de exercício físico agudo
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2023-06
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Barreto, Klayson Souza Pavesi
Orientador
Ramos, Camila Sacchelli
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Resumo
As funções executivas (FE) são habilidades cognitivas superiores que nos permitem planejar, organizar, priorizar, controlar impulsos, tomar decisões e resolver problemas. São essenciais para o desempenho eficiente de tarefas complexas e a tomada de decisões adequadas. A prática regular de exercícios físicos tem sido associada a benefícios significativos para as funções executivas. Estudos mostram que a atividade física melhora a atenção, a memória de trabalho e a flexibilidade cognitiva, que são componentes-chave das funções executivas. Além disso, o exercício promove o aumento do fluxo sanguíneo e a oxigenação cerebral, o que contribui para a saúde do cérebro. Uma das razões pelas quais o exercício físico beneficia as funções executivas é o aumento da produção de substâncias químicas cerebrais, como os neurotransmissores e fatores de crescimento neuronal. Essas substâncias promovem a sobrevivência, o crescimento e a diferenciação das células cerebrais, além de fortalecerem as conexões entre elas. Além dos benefícios cognitivos, a prática regular de exercícios físicos também está associada a melhorias na saúde física, incluindo a redução do risco de doenças cardiovasculares e diabetes. Portanto, considerando que existe uma relação entre atividade física e melhora da FE, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito agudo do exercício físico de alta intensidade nas funções executivas, comparando os escores de leitura, contagem, escolha, alternância, inibição e flexibilidade do teste Five Digit Test (FDT) entre um grupo controle, que realizou uma série de alongamento ao grupo intervenção, que realizou uma série de exercício intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT). Os resultados obtidos mostraram que houve uma melhora da função executiva nos dois grupos de exercício, porém sem diferença significativa entre os grupos. estes resultados devem ser complementados com análises de outras variáveis, como um possível efeito de aprendizagem da repetição do teste ou parâmetros ambientais, tais como a qualidade do sono e alimentação.
Executive functions (EF) are higher cognitive skills that allow us to plan, organize, prioritize, control impulses, make decisions, and solve problems. They are essential for efficient performance in complex tasks and appropriate decision-making. Regular physical exercise has been associated with significant benefits for executive functions. Studies have shown that physical activity improves attention, working memory, and cognitive flexibility, which are key components of executive functions. Additionally, exercise promotes increased blood flow and cerebral oxygenation, contributing to brain health. One of the reasons why physical exercise benefits executive functions is the increased production of brain chemicals such as neurotransmitters and neuronal growth factors. These substances promote cell survival, growth, and differentiation, as well as strengthening connections between them. In addition to cognitive benefits, regular physical exercise is also associated with improvements in physical health, including reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Therefore, considering that there is a relationship between physical activity and improvement in EF, the objective of this study was to evaluate the acute effect of high-intensity physical exercise on executive functions, comparing scores for reading, counting, choosing, shifting, inhibiting and flexibility of the Five Digit Test (FDT) between a control group, which performed a series of stretching and the intervention group, which performed a series of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIT). The results obtained showed that there was an improvement in executive function in both exercise groups, but without significant differences between groups. These results should be complemented with analyzes of other variables such as a possible learning effect of re-test or environmental parameters, such as sleep quality and nutrition.
Executive functions (EF) are higher cognitive skills that allow us to plan, organize, prioritize, control impulses, make decisions, and solve problems. They are essential for efficient performance in complex tasks and appropriate decision-making. Regular physical exercise has been associated with significant benefits for executive functions. Studies have shown that physical activity improves attention, working memory, and cognitive flexibility, which are key components of executive functions. Additionally, exercise promotes increased blood flow and cerebral oxygenation, contributing to brain health. One of the reasons why physical exercise benefits executive functions is the increased production of brain chemicals such as neurotransmitters and neuronal growth factors. These substances promote cell survival, growth, and differentiation, as well as strengthening connections between them. In addition to cognitive benefits, regular physical exercise is also associated with improvements in physical health, including reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Therefore, considering that there is a relationship between physical activity and improvement in EF, the objective of this study was to evaluate the acute effect of high-intensity physical exercise on executive functions, comparing scores for reading, counting, choosing, shifting, inhibiting and flexibility of the Five Digit Test (FDT) between a control group, which performed a series of stretching and the intervention group, which performed a series of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIT). The results obtained showed that there was an improvement in executive function in both exercise groups, but without significant differences between groups. These results should be complemented with analyzes of other variables such as a possible learning effect of re-test or environmental parameters, such as sleep quality and nutrition.
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funções executivas , exercício físico , cognição , executive functions , physical exercise , cognition