Estudo químico e toxicológico dos principais defensivos agrícolas usados nas monoculturas brasileiras
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Tipo
TCC
Data de publicação
2021-12
Periódico
Citações (Scopus)
Autores
Hadad, Carina Salime Fantozzi
Santos, Gabrielle Mendes dos
Santos, Gabrielle Mendes dos
Orientador
Machado, Rogerio Aparecido
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Resumo
Os defensivos agrícolas são muito populares e possuem amplo uso em monoculturas de diversos tipos desde meados da segunda guerra mundial. Suas principais finalidades são a erradicação de pragas e a aceleração no processo de crescimento dos produtos, visando uma maior produção e lucro. No último ano (2020), houve uma liberação desenfreada de novos defensivos agrícolas no Brasil, em especial utilizando quatro novos princípios ativos até então inéditos, que são: Piroxasulfone, Tolfenpirade, Tiencarbazona e Fenpirazamina. Diante disso, apesar de ser possível encontrar facilmente seus usos agrícolas, foi observada uma carência de estudos conclusivos a respeito de seus riscos e toxicidade. Em comparação com os cinco defensivos agrícolas mais utilizados no Brasil, que são: Glifosato, 2,4-D, Mancozebe, Acefato e Atrazina, a ausência de dados fica ainda mais gritante, vide que esses cinco pricipais possuem extensos estudos a respeito de suas toxicidades. Visando criar uma forme de controle das toxicidades, foram desenvolvidas duas formas de avaliação, uma sendo feita pela ANVISA, que avalia os riscos ao ser humano; e outra feita pelo IBAMA, que estabelece os riscos para o meio ambiente. Apesar da avaliação dos riscos e da fiscalização feita pelos órgãos competentes, ainda é possível encontrar os mais diversos tipos de intoxicações, sendo elas por consumo ou manuseio.
Agricultural pesticides are very popular and are widely used in monocultures of many kinds since mid of the second world war. Their principal purposes are pest eradication and the acceleration of the product's growing process, aiming for greater production and profit. During the past year (2020), there was an unrestrained liberation of new agricultural pesticides in Brazil, especially using four new active ingredients hitherto unpublished, which are: Pyroxasulfone, Tolfenpyrad, Thiencarbazone and Fenpyrazamine. That said, although it is easily possible to find their agricultural uses, a lack of conclusive studies about their risks and toxicities was observed. In comparison with Brazil's five more used agricultural pesticides, which are: Glyphosate, 2,4-D, Mancozeb, Acephate and Atrazine, the absence of data is even more glaring, once these five mains have extensive studies of their toxicities. Aiming to create a way to control the toxicities, two forms of assessment were developed, one made by ANVISA, which assesses the risks to human beings; and another made by IBAMA, which establishes the risks for the environment. Despite the risks assessment and the inspection made by organs competent bodies, it is still possible to find many kinds of intoxication, being them by consumption or handling.
Agricultural pesticides are very popular and are widely used in monocultures of many kinds since mid of the second world war. Their principal purposes are pest eradication and the acceleration of the product's growing process, aiming for greater production and profit. During the past year (2020), there was an unrestrained liberation of new agricultural pesticides in Brazil, especially using four new active ingredients hitherto unpublished, which are: Pyroxasulfone, Tolfenpyrad, Thiencarbazone and Fenpyrazamine. That said, although it is easily possible to find their agricultural uses, a lack of conclusive studies about their risks and toxicities was observed. In comparison with Brazil's five more used agricultural pesticides, which are: Glyphosate, 2,4-D, Mancozeb, Acephate and Atrazine, the absence of data is even more glaring, once these five mains have extensive studies of their toxicities. Aiming to create a way to control the toxicities, two forms of assessment were developed, one made by ANVISA, which assesses the risks to human beings; and another made by IBAMA, which establishes the risks for the environment. Despite the risks assessment and the inspection made by organs competent bodies, it is still possible to find many kinds of intoxication, being them by consumption or handling.
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Palavras-chave
defensivos agrícolas , monoculturas , toxicidade , intoxicação , agricultural pesticides , monocultures , toxicity , intoxication