Measuring discrimination experienced by people with a mental illness: Replication of the short-form DISCUS in six world regions

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dc.contributor.authorBrohan E.
dc.contributor.authorThornicroft G.
dc.contributor.authorRusch N.
dc.contributor.authorLasalvia A.
dc.contributor.authorCampbell M.M.
dc.contributor.authorYalclnkaya-Alkar O.
dc.contributor.authorLanfredi M.
dc.contributor.authorOchoa S.
dc.contributor.authorUcok A.
dc.contributor.authorTomas C.
dc.contributor.authorFadipe B.
dc.contributor.authorSebes J.
dc.contributor.authorFiorillo A.
dc.contributor.authorSampogna G.
dc.contributor.authorPaula C.S.
dc.contributor.authorValverde L.
dc.contributor.authorSchomerus G.
dc.contributor.authorKlemm P.
dc.contributor.authorOuali U.
dc.contributor.authorCastelein S.
dc.contributor.authorAlexova A.
dc.contributor.authorOexle N.
dc.contributor.authorGuimaraes P.N.
dc.contributor.authorSportel B.E.
dc.contributor.authorChang C.-C.
dc.contributor.authorLi J.
dc.contributor.authorShanthi C.
dc.contributor.authorReneses B.
dc.contributor.authorBakolis I.
dc.contributor.authorEvans-Lacko S.
dc.date.accessioned2024-03-12T19:09:06Z
dc.date.available2024-03-12T19:09:06Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.description.abstractCopyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press.Background The Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC) is a patient-reported outcome measure which assesses experiences of discrimination among persons with a mental illness globally. Methods This study evaluated whether the psychometric properties of a short-form version, DISC-Ultra Short (DISCUS) (11-item), could be replicated in a sample of people with a wide range of mental disorders from 21 sites in 15 countries/territories, across six global regions. The frequency of experienced discrimination was reported. Scaling assumptions (confirmatory factor analysis, inter-item and item-total correlations), reliability (internal consistency) and validity (convergent validity, known groups method) were investigated in each region, and by diagnosis group. Results 1195 people participated. The most frequently reported experiences of discrimination were being shunned or avoided at work (48.7%) and discrimination in making or keeping friends (47.2%). Confirmatory factor analysis supported a unidimensional model across all six regions and five diagnosis groups. Convergent validity was confirmed in the total sample and within all regions [ Internalised Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI-10): 0.28-0.67, stopping self: 0.54-0.72, stigma consciousness: -0.32-0.57], as was internal consistency reliability (α = 0.74-0.84). Known groups validity was established in the global sample with levels of experienced discrimination significantly higher for those experiencing higher depression [Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2: p < 0.001], lower mental wellbeing [Warwick-Edinburgh Well-being Scale (WEMWBS): p < 0.001], higher suicidal ideation [Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS)-4: p < 0.001] and higher risk of suicidal behaviour [Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale (SIDAS): p < 0.001]. Conclusions The DISCUS is a reliable and valid unidimensional measure of experienced discrimination for use in global settings with similar properties to the longer DISC. It offers a brief assessment of experienced discrimination for use in clinical and research settings.
dc.description.firstpage3963
dc.description.issuenumber9
dc.description.lastpage3973
dc.description.volume53
dc.identifier.doi10.1017/S0033291722000630
dc.identifier.issn1469-8978
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/34051
dc.relation.ispartofPsychological Medicine
dc.rightsAcesso Aberto
dc.subject.otherlanguageDiscrimination
dc.subject.otherlanguageDISCUS
dc.subject.otherlanguageGlobal mental health
dc.subject.otherlanguagePsychometrics
dc.subject.otherlanguageStigma
dc.titleMeasuring discrimination experienced by people with a mental illness: Replication of the short-form DISCUS in six world regions
dc.typeArtigo
local.scopus.citations6
local.scopus.eid2-s2.0-85128268421
local.scopus.subjectHumans
local.scopus.subjectMental Disorders
local.scopus.subjectPsychometrics
local.scopus.subjectReproducibility of Results
local.scopus.subjectSocial Stigma
local.scopus.subjectSuicidal Ideation
local.scopus.subjectSurveys and Questionnaires
local.scopus.updated2025-04-01
local.scopus.urlhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85128268421&origin=inward
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