Realização de valores pessoais no ambiente organizacional e a influência no comprometimento organizacional

Abstract

The Organizational Commitment construct started to be intensely investigated between the late 1970s and early 1990s (MEYER; ALLEN, 1997; BASTOS, 1998). Researchers commonly examine the relationship between commitment and potential antecedent variables, such as personal characteristics and personal values, in order to identify which of these variables can influence the commitment (MEYER; ALLEN, 1991; TAMAYO, 2005; MEYER; HERSCOVITH, 2001; COHEN, 2009). The purpose of this study was to verify the influence of the Realization of Personal Values in the Organizational Environment (RPV) on the Organizational Commitment (OC), by defining the Organizational Commitment as the 'psychological state' of people, considering their feelings and/or beliefs about the relationship with the organization where they work, whether or not this implies the establishment of a bond (MEYER; ALLEN, 1991), and the Realization of Personal Values in the Organizational Environment as the perception of achievement of personal motivational goals in the organization in which people work when they perform their daily activities (MAURINO; DOMENICO, 2012). The multidimensional approach to OC was adopted, considering its three components: affective commitment, normative commitment and continuance commitment (MEYER, ALLEN, 1991), while RVP is based on Schwartz's theory of basic values (1992). The research, which is exploratory and descriptive in nature, used the quantitative method consisting in the application of an instrument made up of two questionnaires, the IRVP - Inventory of realization of personal values in the organizational environment (MAURINO; DOMENICO, 2012) and the reduced scale of Organizational Commitment of Meyer, Allen and Smith (1993) in the version for Brazil (MEDEIROS, 1997). The sample, which was characterized as non-probabilistic, had 159 valid cases and it was made up mostly of women, aged 39 on average, most of whom worked as managers of people. For the treatment of the data, descriptive, bivariate and multivariate statistics were used. The results showed that the self-transcendence values were those perceived as the most realized ones in the organizational environment, while Affective Commitment had the highest average of responses. There were no negative correlations, as it had been hypothesized, between the perception of realization of opposite second-order values. The more people perceived that they realized their personal values - self-promotion, openness to change, self-transcendence and maintenance - the greater the presence of affective and normative commitment in the organizations where they worked. By using the regression analysis, it was possible to say that RVP can explain 13.3% of the variance in the Affective Commitment and 12% in the Normative Commitment, which allowed reaching the general objective of this research.