Políticas públicas de adaptação às mudanças climáticas em face das populações vulneráveis e da justiça climática

Abstract

Global warming is unquestionable, but the resulting impacts of climate change will affect people and places unevenly, since populations with unfavorable socio-environmental conditions experience these impacts disproportionately. In this context, this master thesis aims the analysis of adaptation public policies to vulnerable populations and climate justice at the national level. Starting from the analysis of the concepts of adaptation, vulnerability and climate impacts, we identified that in Brazil the poor people in rural areas of the Northeast semi-arid and poor people of urban peripheries, due to pre-existing vulnerabilities, are more exposed to risks and negative impacts of climate change. For these people, it is the State's duty to ensure the fundamental rights through public adaptation policies, especially preventive, in order to mitigate social inequalities, increase their adaptive capacity and become more resilient. Therefore, were analyzed public policies related to the climate issue at the federal and state level, checking those with potential to promote adaptation and climate justice for these people, through a human rights and human dignity protection approach. We conclude that although there is a climate legal regime in Brazil that enables adaptation actions, the concern about adaptation strategies is still very new. As a result, it is clear that the existing regime is unsatisfactory, with policies that privilege more relief actions than longterm adaptation actions.